Wagner Marek, Samdal Steinskog Eli Sihn, Wiig Helge
University of Bergen, Department of Biomedicine , Jonas Lies vei 91, Bergen, 5009 Norway
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2015 Apr;19(4):527-38. doi: 10.1517/14728222.2014.991311. Epub 2014 Dec 4.
Obesity has increased dramatically over the last three decades. Thus, epidemiological evidence linking obesity and cancer has ignited our interest in the relationship between adipose tissue mass and cancer development. Obesity is defined as an excess of adipose tissue that is typified by a chronic, low-grade inflammatory response instigated by macrophage infiltration. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the putative causal relationship between obesity-induced chronic inflammation and cancer with particular focus on adipose tissue macrophages.
Chronic, low-grade inflammation has long been associated with cancer initiation, promotion and progression. Therefore, signals derived from adipose tissue macrophages may play a significant role in carcinogenesis. In this review we will discuss the molecular mechanisms of cancer development in obesity and highlight possible therapeutic strategies aiming at adipose tissue macrophages.
The strong correlation between tumor-associated macrophage infiltration and tumor growth and progression emphasizes the value of macrophages as an effective therapeutic target. It remains to be deciphered to what extent adipose tissue macrophages contribute to these processes, especially in tumors growing within or adjacent to adipose tissue. More effort should also be placed on elucidating macrophage differences between humans and mice that may lead to the development of more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
在过去三十年中，肥胖率急剧上升。因此，将肥胖与癌症联系起来的流行病学证据激发了我们对脂肪组织量与癌症发展之间关系的兴趣。肥胖被定义为脂肪组织过多，其典型特征是由巨噬细胞浸润引发的慢性、低度炎症反应。因此，在本综述中，我们将讨论肥胖诱导的慢性炎症与癌症之间的假定因果关系，特别关注脂肪组织巨噬细胞。
长期以来，慢性、低度炎症一直与癌症的起始、促进和进展相关。因此，来自脂肪组织巨噬细胞的信号可能在致癌过程中发挥重要作用。在本综述中，我们将讨论肥胖中癌症发展的分子机制，并强调针对脂肪组织巨噬细胞的可能治疗策略。
肿瘤相关巨噬细胞浸润与肿瘤生长和进展之间的强相关性强调了巨噬细胞作为有效治疗靶点的价值。脂肪组织巨噬细胞在这些过程中所起的作用程度仍有待阐明，尤其是在生长于脂肪组织内或其附近的肿瘤中。还应更加努力阐明人与小鼠之间巨噬细胞的差异，这可能有助于开发更有效的诊断和治疗策略。
