Kaur Nirmaljit, Sharma Shweta, Malhotra Shalini, Madan Preeti, Hans Charoo
Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, PGIMER and Associated Dr. RML Hospital , New Delhi, India .
Senior Resident, Department of Microbiology, PGIMER and Associated Dr. RML Hospital , New Delhi, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Oct;8(10):DC01-3. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/8772.4919. Epub 2014 Oct 20.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in childhood. Present study was undertaken to determine the occurrence of the uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in infants (< 1yr) suspected with UTI.
This study was conducted in the Microbiology Department on urine samples received from infants for a period of two years from September 2011 to August 2013.
Culture positivity rate was found to be 15.7%. There was an overall male preponderance in cases of UTI (70.1%). Most common bacterial isolate was E.coli (45.4%) followed by Klebsiella (16.7%) and Enterococcus spp (13.2%). Isolation of candida was 21.1%, maximum from ICU (63.1%). Maximum gram negative isolates (50%) showed high resistance to gentamicin, amikacin, cefotaxime and norfloxacin while most of the isolates (5%) were found susceptible to nitrofurantoin and piperacillin-tazobactam. 45.1% of gram negative bacilli were ESBL producer. We recommend continuous monitoring of changes in bacterial pathogens causing UTI and antibiotic sensitivity in each area for effective treatment of UTI.
Since antimicrobial resistance is a major problem, such study will help in formulating a strict antibiotics prescription policy in our country.
尿路感染（UTI）是儿童时期最常见的细菌感染之一。本研究旨在确定疑似尿路感染的婴儿（<1岁）中尿路病原体的发生率及其抗菌药物敏感性模式。
本研究在微生物科进行，研究对象为2011年9月至2013年8月期间从婴儿处收集的尿液样本，为期两年。
培养阳性率为15.7%。尿路感染病例总体上男性居多（70.1%）。最常见的细菌分离株是大肠杆菌（45.4%），其次是克雷伯菌（16.7%）和肠球菌属（13.2%）。念珠菌的分离率为21.1%，重症监护病房（ICU）分离出的念珠菌最多（63.1%）。最大比例的革兰氏阴性菌分离株（50%）对庆大霉素、阿米卡星、头孢噻肟和诺氟沙星耐药性高，而大多数分离株（5%）对呋喃妥因和哌拉西林-他唑巴坦敏感。45.1%的革兰氏阴性杆菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）。我们建议持续监测各地区引起尿路感染的细菌病原体变化及抗生素敏感性，以有效治疗尿路感染。
由于抗菌药物耐药性是一个主要问题，此类研究将有助于我国制定严格的抗生素处方政策。
