Stief Anna, Brzezinka Krzysztof, Lämke Jörn, Bäurle Isabel
a Institute for Biochemistry and Biology ; University of Potsdam ; Potsdam , Germany.
Plant Signal Behav. 2014;9(10):e970430. doi: 10.4161/15592316.2014.970430.
The hypothesis that plants can benefit from a memory of past stress exposure has recently attracted a lot of attention. Here, we discuss two different examples of heat stress memory to elucidate the potential benefits that epigenetic responses may provide at both the level of acclimation of the individual plant and adaptation at a species-wide level. Specifically, we discuss how microRNAs regulate the heat stress memory and thereby increase survival upon a recurring heat stress. Secondly, we review how a prolonged heat stress in a small interfering RNA-deficient background induces retrotransposition that is transmitted to the next generation, thus creating genetic variation for natural selection to act on. Collectively, these studies reveal a crucial role of short RNAs in heat stress memory across different time scales.
植物能够从对过去应激暴露的记忆中获益这一假说最近引起了广泛关注。在此，我们讨论热应激记忆的两个不同例子，以阐明表观遗传反应在个体植物适应层面和物种水平适应方面可能带来的潜在益处。具体而言，我们讨论微小RNA如何调节热应激记忆，从而在反复热应激时提高存活率。其次，我们回顾在小干扰RNA缺陷背景下的长时间热应激如何诱导反转录转座，这种转座会传递给下一代，从而为自然选择创造可作用的遗传变异。总体而言，这些研究揭示了短RNA在不同时间尺度的热应激记忆中的关键作用。
