二十年的结构构建
Two Decades of Structure Building.
作者信息
Gernsbacher Morton Ann
机构信息
University of Wisconsin-Madison.
出版信息
Discourse Process. 1997 Jan;23(3):265-304. doi: 10.1080/01638539709544994.
During the past decade I have been developing a very simple framework for describing the cognitive processes and mechanisms involved in discourse comprehension. I call this framework the Structure Building Framework, and it is based on evidence provided during the first decade of discourse processing research. According to the Structure Building Framework, the goal of comprehension is to build coherent mental representations or . Comprehenders build each structure by first laying a foundation. Comprehenders develop mental structures by mapping on new information when that information coheres or relates to previous information. However, when the incoming information is less related, comprehenders shift and attach a new substructure. The building blocks of mental structures are memory nodes, which are activated by incoming stimuli and controlled by two cognitive mechanisms: suppression and enhancement. In this article, first I review the seminal work on which the Structure Building Framework is based (the first decade of structure building research); then I recount the research I have conducted to test the Structure Building Framework (the second decade of structure building research).
在过去十年里，我一直在开发一个非常简单的框架，用于描述语篇理解中涉及的认知过程和机制。我将这个框架称为结构构建框架，它基于语篇处理研究第一个十年期间所提供的证据。根据结构构建框架，理解的目标是构建连贯的心理表征。理解者首先通过奠定基础来构建每个结构。当新信息与先前信息连贯或相关时，理解者通过映射新信息来发展心理结构。然而，当传入信息相关性较小时，理解者会转移并附加一个新的子结构。心理结构的构建块是记忆节点，这些节点由传入刺激激活，并由两种认知机制控制：抑制和增强。在本文中，首先我回顾了结构构建框架所基于的开创性工作（结构构建研究的第一个十年）；然后我讲述了我为测试结构构建框架而进行的研究（结构构建研究的第二个十年）。
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