Department of Psychological Sciences.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2015 Feb;41(1):86-101. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000019. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
Previous work has demonstrated that when targets are defined by a constant feature, attention can be directed rapidly and in parallel to sequentially presented target objects at different locations. We assessed how fast attention is allocated to multiple objects when this process cannot be controlled by a unique color-specific attentional template. N2pc components were measured as temporal markers of the attentional selection of 2 color-defined targets that were presented in rapid succession. Both targets either had the same color (one color task) or differed in color (two color task). Although there were small but systematic delays of target selection in the two color task relative to the one color task, attention was allocated extremely rapidly to both target objects in the two color task, which is inconsistent with the hypothesis that their selection was based on a slow switch between different color templates. Two follow-up experiments demonstrated that these delays did not reflect template switch costs, but were the result of competitive interactions between simultaneously active attentional templates. These results show that the control of focal attention during multiple-feature search operates much faster and more flexibly than is usually assumed.
先前的研究表明，当目标由恒定的特征定义时，注意力可以快速地、并行地指向在不同位置依次呈现的目标物体。我们评估了当这个过程不能被独特的颜色特定注意模板控制时，注意力是如何快速分配给多个物体的。N2pc 成分被作为对以快速连续方式呈现的 2 个颜色定义的目标进行注意选择的时间标记进行测量。这两个目标的颜色相同（一色任务）或不同（双色任务）。尽管双色任务相对于一色任务存在目标选择的微小但系统的延迟，但在双色任务中，注意力会非常迅速地分配给两个目标物体，这与它们的选择基于不同颜色模板之间的缓慢切换的假设不一致。两个后续实验表明，这些延迟不是由于模板切换成本，而是同时活跃的注意模板之间的竞争相互作用的结果。这些结果表明，在多特征搜索期间，焦点注意力的控制比通常假设的要快得多，也灵活得多。
