Hills Thomas T, Todd Peter M, Lazer David, Redish A David, Couzin Iain D
Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Cognitive Science Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2015 Jan;19(1):46-54. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2014.10.004. Epub 2014 Dec 3.
Search is a ubiquitous property of life. Although diverse domains have worked on search problems largely in isolation, recent trends across disciplines indicate that the formal properties of these problems share similar structures and, often, similar solutions. Moreover, internal search (e.g., memory search) shows similar characteristics to external search (e.g., spatial foraging), including shared neural mechanisms consistent with a common evolutionary origin across species. Search problems and their solutions also scale from individuals to societies, underlying and constraining problem solving, memory, information search, and scientific and cultural innovation. In summary, search represents a core feature of cognition, with a vast influence on its evolution and processes across contexts and requiring input from multiple domains to understand its implications and scope.
搜索是生命中普遍存在的特性。尽管不同领域在很大程度上是孤立地研究搜索问题，但跨学科的最新趋势表明，这些问题的形式属性具有相似的结构，并且通常有相似的解决方案。此外，内部搜索（例如记忆搜索）与外部搜索（例如空间觅食）表现出相似的特征，包括与跨物种共同进化起源相一致的共享神经机制。搜索问题及其解决方案也从个体扩展到社会，是问题解决、记忆、信息搜索以及科学和文化创新的基础并对其形成制约。总之，搜索代表了认知的一个核心特征，对其在各种情境下的演变和过程有着巨大影响，并且需要多个领域的投入才能理解其影响和范围。
