Sekhri T, Kanwar R S, Wilfred R, Chugh P, Chhillar M, Aggarwal R, Sharma Y K, Sethi J, Sundriyal J, Bhadra K, Singh S, Rautela N, Chand Tek, Singh M, Singh S K
Division of Health, Endocrinology and Thyroid Research, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Delhi, India.
Department of Biostatistics, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Delhi, India.
BMJ Open. 2014 Dec 8;4(12):e005346. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005346.
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in government employees across India.
The study population consisted of government employees in different parts of India ({n=10,642 men and n=1966 women; age 20-60 years}) and comprised various ethnic groups living in different environmental conditions. Recruitment was carried out in 20 cities across 14 states, and in one union territory. All selected individuals were subjected to a detailed questionnaire, medical examinations and anthropometric measurements. Blood samples were collected for blood glucose and serum lipid profile estimation, and resting ECG was recorded. Results were analysed using appropriate statistical tools.
The study revealed that 4.6% of the study population had a family history of premature CAD. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 16% (5.6% diagnosed during the study and the remaining 10.4% already on medication). Hypertension was present in 21% of subjects. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was significantly high, with 45.6% of study subjects having a high total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein ratio. Overall, 78.6% subjects had two or more risk factors for CAD.
The present study demonstrates a high prevalence of CAD risk factors in the Indian urban population. Therefore, there is an immediate need to initiate measures to raise awareness of these risk factors so that individuals at high risk for future CAD can be managed.
本研究的目的是评估印度政府雇员中冠状动脉疾病（CAD）危险因素的流行情况。
研究人群包括印度不同地区的政府雇员（男性10642人，女性1966人；年龄20 - 60岁），涵盖生活在不同环境条件下的各种族群体。在14个邦的20个城市以及一个联邦属地进行招募。所有选定个体均接受详细问卷调查、医学检查和人体测量。采集血样用于血糖和血脂谱评估，并记录静息心电图。使用适当的统计工具分析结果。
研究显示，4.6%的研究人群有早发CAD家族史。糖尿病的总体患病率为16%（研究期间诊断出5.6%，其余10.4%已在接受药物治疗）。21%的受试者患有高血压。血脂异常的患病率显著较高，45.6%的研究对象总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白比值高。总体而言，78.6%的受试者有两种或更多CAD危险因素。
本研究表明印度城市人群中CAD危险因素的患病率很高。因此，迫切需要采取措施提高对这些危险因素的认识，以便对未来CAD高危个体进行管理。
