Li Ning, Zhang Lei, Du Wei, Pang Lihua, Guo Chao, Chen Gong, Zheng Xiaoying
Institute of Population Research, Peking University, China.
Institute of Population Research, Peking University, China.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2015 Mar;23(3):320-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2014.06.002. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Due to rapid population aging and a tidal wave of dementia, dementia has become an urgent public health issue in China. Few large-scale surveys on dementia have been conducted in China and little was known about the magnitude of dysfunction and disability caused by dementia. In this study, using national sample survey data, we aimed to describe the prevalence rate of dementia-associated disability, its associated factors, and daily activities and social functions of people with dementia-associated disability in Chinese older adults.
We used the second China National Sample Survey on Disability, comprising 2,526,145 persons from 771,797 households. Identification for dementia was based on consensus manuals. Standard weighting procedures were used to construct sample weights considering the multistage stratified cluster sampling survey scheme. Population weighted numbers, weighted prevalence, and the odd ratios (ORs) were calculated.
The prevalence rate of dementia-associated disability was 4.64% (95% CI: 4.26-5.01) and it accounted for 41.03% of mental disability among Chinese older adults. Urban residence (OR: 1.33 [1.12-1.57]), older age (80+ years) (OR: 4.12 [3.38-.03]), illiteracy (OR: 1.79 [1.27-2.53]), and currently not married (OR: 1.15 [1.00-1.32]) were associated with increased risk of dementia-associated disability. Compared with those with mental disability of other causes and those with other types of disabilities, older adults with dementia-asscoiated disability were more likely to have severe or extreme difficulty in daily activities and social functions.
Countermeasures are warranted to obtain a more precise overview of dementia in China, and strategies on enhancing early identification, treatment, and rehabilitation should be developed for people with dementia.
由于人口快速老龄化以及痴呆症的浪潮，痴呆症已成为中国一个紧迫的公共卫生问题。中国很少进行关于痴呆症的大规模调查，对痴呆症所导致的功能障碍和残疾程度了解甚少。在本研究中，我们利用全国样本调查数据，旨在描述中国老年人中与痴呆症相关的残疾的患病率、其相关因素以及患有与痴呆症相关残疾的人的日常活动和社会功能。
我们使用了第二次全国残疾人抽样调查的数据，该调查涵盖了来自771,797户家庭的2,526,145人。痴呆症的识别基于共识手册。考虑到多阶段分层整群抽样调查方案，使用标准加权程序构建样本权重。计算了总体加权数、加权患病率和比值比（OR）。
与痴呆症相关的残疾的患病率为4.64%（95%置信区间：4.26 - 5.01），在中国老年人中占精神残疾的41.03%。城市居住（OR：1.33 [1.12 - 1.57]）、高龄（80岁及以上）（OR：4.12 [3.38 - 5.03]）、文盲（OR：1.79 [1.27 - 2.53]）以及目前未婚（OR：1.15 [1.00 - 1.32]）与患与痴呆症相关残疾的风险增加有关。与其他原因导致精神残疾的人和其他类型残疾的人相比，患有与痴呆症相关残疾的老年人在日常活动和社会功能方面更有可能有严重或极度困难。
有必要采取对策以更准确地了解中国的痴呆症情况，并且应为痴呆症患者制定加强早期识别、治疗和康复的策略。
