Institute of Population Research, Peking University, PR China.
J Psychiatr Res. 2011 Nov;45(11):1530-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.07.001. Epub 2011 Jul 26.
Psychiatric disability is a population health problem, and understanding its magnitude is essential to informing population health policies. This paper aims to describe the prevalence rates, causes, and severity of psychiatric disability in Chinese adults, and to explore daily activities and social functions for people with psychiatric disability. We used the second China National Sample Survey on Disability, comprising 2,526,145 persons from 771,797 households. Identification and classification for psychiatric disability was based on consensus manuals. We used standard weighting procedures to construct sample weights considering the multistage stratified cluster sampling survey scheme. Population weighted prevalence and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were evaluated. An estimate of 8 million adults with psychiatric disability was identified. The weighted prevalence rate of psychiatric disability was 8.14 per 1000 people (95% CI, 7.95-8.33). More rural residents suffered from psychiatric disability than their urban counterparts, and more females had psychiatric disability than males. Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders accounted for more than half of the psychiatric disability in Chinese adults. People with psychiatric disability had more severe difficulties in most daily activities and social functions than in people with other disabilities. This study demonstrates psychiatric disability causes social burden to the Chinese communities. Strategies including case identification, treatment, and rehabilitation should be developed and countermeasures are warranted for females and rural residents to reduce the burden caused by psychiatric disability.
精神残疾是一个公共卫生问题，了解其严重程度对于制定公共卫生政策至关重要。本文旨在描述中国成年精神残疾的流行率、原因和严重程度，并探讨精神残疾患者的日常活动和社会功能。我们使用了中国第二次全国残疾人抽样调查的数据，该调查涵盖了来自 771797 户家庭的 2526145 人。精神残疾的识别和分类是基于共识手册进行的。我们使用标准的加权程序，考虑到多阶段分层聚类抽样调查方案，构建了样本权重。评估了人口加权患病率和 95%置信区间（CI）。估计有 800 万成年人患有精神残疾。精神残疾的加权患病率为 8.14/1000 人（95%CI，7.95-8.33）。农村居民比城市居民更容易遭受精神残疾，女性比男性更容易患有精神残疾。精神分裂症、分裂型和妄想障碍占中国成年人精神残疾的一半以上。精神残疾患者在大多数日常活动和社会功能方面比其他残疾患者更困难。这项研究表明，精神残疾给中国社区带来了社会负担。应制定包括病例识别、治疗和康复在内的策略，并针对女性和农村居民采取对策，以减轻精神残疾造成的负担。
