Zaugg Vincent, Savoldelli Virginie, Sabatier Brigitte, Durieux Pierre
Sante Publique. 2014 Sep-Oct;26(5):655-67.
The number of intervention studies designed to improve quality of care is increasing exponentially, making it difficult to access all available information on a given subject. Systematic reviews are tools that provide health professionals with comprehensive and objective information. This article describes the main phases of a systematic review: formulating the research question, search and selection of studies, data extraction and analysis, assessment of the methodological quality of studies, and synthesis of the results. Interventions designed to improve professional practices and organisation of care have specific characteristics that determine the methodology of systematic reviews. For example, the often substantial heterogeneity between populations, organisations, and intervention settings among studies must be taken into account, which makes meta-analysis more difficult. Knowledge on specific features of systematic reviews designed to improve quality of care is essential to ensure a good review of the literature, or to evaluate the level of evidence of published systematic reviews.
旨在提高医疗质量的干预性研究数量呈指数级增长，这使得获取某一特定主题的所有可用信息变得困难。系统评价是为卫生专业人员提供全面、客观信息的工具。本文描述了系统评价的主要阶段：提出研究问题、检索和选择研究、数据提取与分析、评估研究的方法学质量以及结果的综合。旨在改善专业实践和护理组织的干预措施具有特定特征，这些特征决定了系统评价的方法。例如，必须考虑到各研究之间人群、组织和干预环境中常常存在的显著异质性，这使得荟萃分析更加困难。了解旨在提高医疗质量的系统评价的具体特征对于确保对文献进行良好的综述或评估已发表系统评价的证据水平至关重要。
