Liang Jing, Mao Jiansu
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 May;22(9):7129-38. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3878-4. Epub 2014 Dec 13.
Lead emissions originate primarily from the anthropogenic lead cycle, and research into their characteristics, such as species type, provides essential information for pollution control. A dynamic model for global lead emissions has been established, and their emissions and temporal accumulations were estimated in this study based on the evolution of the lead cycle over 70 years. An inventory of the emissions species was obtained after identifying their physiochemical transformations. The 2010 emissions were 3.56 Mt, with 65 % coming from waste management and recycling. The main species were PbSO4 (42.5 %), PbO2 (16.2 %), and PbS (8.3 %). Between 1930 and 2010, the total lead emissions were 173.8 Mt, mainly from waste management and recycling (48 %), production (26 %), and use (20 %). The main species were PbSO4, PbO, Pb, and PbS, and together, they accounted for 61.2 % of the total emissions. Over time, species, such as tetraethyl lead and Pb, declined, but PbO2 and PbSO4 increased.
铅排放主要源于人为铅循环，对其特性（如物种类型）的研究为污染控制提供了重要信息。本研究基于70年来铅循环的演变，建立了全球铅排放的动态模型，并对其排放和时间累积量进行了估算。在确定其物理化学转化后，获得了排放物种清单。2010年的排放量为356万吨，其中65%来自废物管理和回收利用。主要物种为硫酸铅（42.5%）、二氧化铅（16.2%）和硫化铅（8.3%）。1930年至2010年期间，铅排放总量为1.738亿吨，主要来自废物管理和回收利用（48%）、生产（26%）和使用（20%）。主要物种为硫酸铅、氧化铅、铅和硫化铅，它们合计占总排放量的61.2%。随着时间的推移，四乙基铅和铅等物种减少，但二氧化铅和硫酸铅增加。
