Chambon Nicolas, Delattre Nicolas, Guéguen Nils, Berton Eric, Rao Guillaume
Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, ISM UMR 7287, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille Cedex 09, France,
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2015 May;115(5):911-8. doi: 10.1007/s00421-014-3072-x. Epub 2014 Dec 11.
Minimalist running shoes are designed to induce a foot strike made more with the forepart of the foot. The main changes made on minimalist shoe consist in decreasing the height difference between fore and rear parts of the sole (drop). Barefoot and shod running have been widely compared on overground or treadmill these last years, but the key characteristic effects of minimalist shoes have been yet little studied. The purpose of this study is to find whether the shoe drop has the same effect regardless of the task: overground or treadmill running.
Twelve healthy male subjects ran with three shoes of different drops (0, 4, 8 mm) and barefoot on a treadmill and overground. Vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) (transient peak and loading rate) and lower limb kinematics (foot, ankle and knee joint flexion angles) were observed.
Opposite footwear effects on loading rate between the tasks were observed. Barefoot running induced higher loading rates during overground running than the highest drop condition, while it was the opposite during treadmill running. Ankle plantar flexion and knee flexion angles at touchdown were higher during treadmill than overground running for all conditions, except for barefoot which did not show any difference between the tasks.
Shoe drop appears to be a key parameter influencing running pattern, but its effects on vGRF differ depending on the task (treadmill vs. overground running) and must be considered with caution. Unlike shod conditions, kinematics of barefoot condition was not altered by treadmill running explaining opposite conclusions between the tasks.
极简主义跑鞋旨在促使跑步时更多地用脚的前部着地。极简主义跑鞋的主要变化在于减小鞋底前后部之间的高度差（落差）。近年来，赤足跑和穿鞋跑在户外或跑步机上得到了广泛比较，但极简主义跑鞋的关键特征效应尚未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是探究无论在户外还是跑步机上跑步，鞋底落差是否具有相同的效果。
12名健康男性受试者分别穿着三种不同落差（0、4、8毫米）的鞋子以及赤足在跑步机上和户外跑步。观察垂直地面反作用力（vGRF）（瞬态峰值和加载率）以及下肢运动学指标（足部、踝关节和膝关节的屈曲角度）。
观察到任务之间在加载率上存在相反的鞋类效应。赤足在户外跑步时的加载率高于最大落差条件下的加载率，而在跑步机上跑步时情况则相反。在所有条件下，跑步机跑步时着地瞬间的踝关节跖屈和膝关节屈曲角度均高于户外跑步，赤足跑步时两种任务之间未显示出差异。
鞋底落差似乎是影响跑步模式的关键参数，但其对vGRF的影响因任务（跑步机跑步与户外跑步）而异，必须谨慎考虑。与穿鞋跑步的情况不同，跑步机跑步并未改变赤足跑步的运动学特征，这解释了两种任务之间得出的相反结论。
