Kamran A, Sadeghieh Ahari S, Biria M, Malepour A, Heydari H
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2014 Nov;4(6):922-7. doi: 10.4103/2141-9248.144914.
Hypertension is a major health problem in developing and developed countries, and its increasing epidemy is a serious warning to take more attention to this silent disease.
This study was aimed to determine the factors of adherence to hypertension medication based on health belief model (HBM).
A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area of the Ardabil city in 2013. This study was carried out using a pre-structured and validated questionnaire. The questionnaire included information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, HBM constructs and adherence to hypertension medication (Morisky 4-Item Self-Report Measure of Medication-taking Behavior [Morisky Medication Adherence Scale]). Data were analyzed with the use of SPSS version 18. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
A total of 671 hypertensive patients participated in the study (169 were males and 502 were females). The prevalence of adherence was 24% (161/671)% in the study population. Respondents with regular physical activity and nonsmokers were more adherent to hypertension medication when compared to respondents with sedentary lifestyle and smoking (P < 0.01). Based on HBM constructs, the respondents who perceived high susceptibility, severity, benefit had better adherence compared to moderate and low susceptibility, severity, and benefit.
The prevalence of adherence to hypertension management was low in study population, this due to inadequate perceived susceptibility, perceived, severity, perceived benefit and poor lifestyle factors. Improving adherence in hypertension patients need to recognize the value and importance of patient perceptions medications.
高血压在发展中国家和发达国家都是一个主要的健康问题，其日益流行是一个严重的警示，提醒人们要更加关注这种隐匿性疾病。
本研究旨在基于健康信念模型（HBM）确定高血压药物治疗依从性的影响因素。
2013年在阿尔达比勒市的一个农村地区进行了一项横断面研究。本研究使用预先构建并经过验证的问卷进行。问卷包括人口统计学特征、生活方式习惯、健康信念模型构成要素以及高血压药物治疗依从性（Morisky药物服用行为4项自评量表[Morisky药物依从性量表]）等信息。使用SPSS 18版软件对数据进行分析。P < 0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
共有671名高血压患者参与了本研究（男性169名，女性502名）。研究人群中依从性患病率为24%（161/671）%。与久坐不动的生活方式和吸烟的受访者相比，有规律体育活动的受访者和不吸烟的受访者对高血压药物治疗的依从性更高（P < 0.01）。基于健康信念模型构成要素，与感知易感性、严重性和益处为中度和低度的受访者相比，感知易感性、严重性和益处高的受访者依从性更好。
研究人群中高血压管理的依从性患病率较低，这是由于感知易感性、感知严重性、感知益处不足以及生活方式因素不佳所致。提高高血压患者的依从性需要认识到患者对药物治疗认知的价值和重要性。
