Muscogiuri G, Tirabassi G, Bizzaro G, Orio F, Paschou S A, Vryonidou A, Balercia G, Shoenfeld Y, Colao A
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Endocrinology, University 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Mar;69(3):291-6. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.265. Epub 2014 Dec 17.
The main role of vitamin D is to maintain calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, thus preserving bone health. Recent evidence has demonstrated that vitamin D may also have a role in a variety of nonskeletal disorders such as endocrine diseases and in particular type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, adrenal diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome. Low levels of vitamin D have also been associated with thyroid disease, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Similarly, patients with new-onset Graves' disease were found to have decreased 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Impaired vitamin D signaling has been reported to encourage thyroid tumorigenesis. This review will focus on the role of vitamin D in thyroid diseases, both autoimmune diseases and thyroid cancer, and will summarize the results of vitamin D supplementation studies performed in patients with thyroid disorders. Although observational studies support a beneficial role of vitamin D in the management of thyroid disease, randomized controlled trials are required to provide insight into the efficacy and safety of vitamin D as a therapeutic tool for this dysfunction.
维生素D的主要作用是维持钙和磷的稳态，从而维护骨骼健康。最近的证据表明，维生素D在多种非骨骼疾病中也可能发挥作用，如内分泌疾病，特别是1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病、肾上腺疾病和多囊卵巢综合征。维生素D水平低还与甲状腺疾病有关，如桥本甲状腺炎。同样，新发格雷夫斯病患者的25-羟基维生素D浓度降低。据报道，维生素D信号受损会促进甲状腺肿瘤的发生。本综述将聚焦于维生素D在甲状腺疾病（包括自身免疫性疾病和甲状腺癌）中的作用，并总结在甲状腺疾病患者中进行的维生素D补充研究结果。尽管观察性研究支持维生素D在甲状腺疾病管理中的有益作用，但仍需要随机对照试验来深入了解维生素D作为治疗这种功能障碍的治疗工具的疗效和安全性。
