Garrett Bridgette E, Dube Shanta R, Babb Stephen, McAfee Tim
Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA;
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Aug;17(8):892-7. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu266. Epub 2014 Dec 16.
Comprehensive tobacco prevention and control efforts that include implementing smoke-free air laws, increasing tobacco prices, conducting hard-hitting mass media campaigns, and making evidence-based cessation treatments available are effective in reducing tobacco use in the general population. However, if these interventions are not implemented in an equitable manner, certain population groups may be left out causing or exacerbating disparities in tobacco use. Disparities in tobacco use have, in part, stemmed from inequities in the way tobacco control policies and programs have been adopted and implemented to reach and impact the most vulnerable segments of the population that have the highest rates of smokings (e.g., those with lower education and incomes).
Education and income are the 2 main social determinants of health that negatively impact health. However, there are other social determinants of health that must be considered for tobacco control policies to be effective in reducing tobacco-related disparities. This article will provide an overview of how tobacco control policies and programs can address key social determinants of health in order to achieve equity and eliminate disparities in tobacco prevention and control.
Tobacco control policy interventions can be effective in addressing the social determinants of health in tobacco prevention and control to achieve equity and eliminate tobacco-related disparities when they are implemented consistently and equitably across all population groups.
Taking a social determinants of health approach in tobacco prevention and control will be necessary to achieve equity and eliminate tobacco-related disparities.
全面的烟草预防和控制措施，包括实施无烟空气法、提高烟草价格、开展强有力的大众媒体宣传活动以及提供循证戒烟治疗，对于减少普通人群的烟草使用是有效的。然而，如果这些干预措施没有以公平的方式实施，某些人群可能会被排除在外，从而导致或加剧烟草使用方面的差异。烟草使用方面的差异部分源于烟草控制政策和项目在采用和实施方式上的不公平，这些政策和项目旨在覆盖并影响吸烟率最高的最弱势群体（例如受教育程度较低和收入较低的人群）。
教育和收入是对健康产生负面影响的两个主要健康社会决定因素。然而，为使烟草控制政策有效减少与烟草相关的差异，还必须考虑其他健康社会决定因素。本文将概述烟草控制政策和项目如何应对关键的健康社会决定因素，以实现公平并消除烟草预防和控制方面的差异。
当烟草控制政策干预措施在所有人群中持续且公平地实施时，它们在应对烟草预防和控制中的健康社会决定因素、实现公平以及消除与烟草相关的差异方面可能是有效的。
在烟草预防和控制中采用健康社会决定因素方法对于实现公平和消除与烟草相关的差异将是必要的。
