Kostić Jelena, Nešić Milkica, Stanković Miodrag, Zikić Olivera
Vojnosanit Pregl. 2014 Oct;71(10):942-8.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Conduct disorder is characterized by repetitive and persistent presence of dissocial, aggressive and defiant behavioral patterns, thus represents important public issue with comprehensive and far-reaching consequences both for the individual and society. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in sociodemographic family characteristics and the prominence of parental acceptance/rejection dimensions in groups of adolescents with and without conduct disorder, as well as to examine the connection between parental acceptance/rejection dimensions and externalizing symptoms in the group of adolescents with conduct disorder.
This research was conducted on 134 adolescents, aged 15 to 18, using the Parental Acceptance/Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ child), Youth Self-Report (YSR), and a questionnaire constructed for the purpose of this survey.
The results showed that the number of adolescents with conduct disorder coming from divorced families was significandy higher than from complete families (44.8% vs 13.4%, respectively; p < 0.001). Also, in this group of adolescents there was a statistically significantly higher number of parents suffering from psychiatric disorders compared to the controls (31.3% vs 8.9%; respectively; p = 0.001). The perceived rejection dimension and the total index of maternal acceptance/rejection were significantly higher in adolescents with conduct disorder than in those with no such disorder (132.30 ± 38.05 vs 93.91 ± 26.29 respectively; p < 0.001). Similar results were found for paternal acceptance/rejection dimension (129.40 ± 39.58 vs 86.10 ± 15.95 respectively; p < 0.001). Adolescents with conduct disorder and severe perceived maternal and paternal rejection showed a significantly higher average score on the subscale of externalizing symptoms (14.55 ± 4.45 and 13.27 + 5.05) compared to adolescents with conduct disorder and lower total index of parental acceptance/rejection (8.32 ± 5.05 and 8.28 ± 5.08).
The results suggest that adolescents with conduct disorder perceive their parents as more rejecting and less warm and supportive compared to adolescents without conduct disorder. The perception of significant and severe parental rejection was associated with a significantly higher averaged score on the subscale of externalizing symptoms in the group of adolescents with conduct disorder compared to those with no such disorder. It was found that adolescents with conduct disorder most often come from large families, have divorced parents or parents with multiple psychiatric disorders.
背景/目的：品行障碍的特征是反复且持续存在反社会、攻击和违抗的行为模式，这是一个重要的公共问题，对个人和社会都有着广泛而深远的影响。本研究的目的是调查有无品行障碍的青少年群体在社会人口学家庭特征以及父母接纳/拒绝维度的突出程度上的差异，同时研究品行障碍青少年群体中父母接纳/拒绝维度与外化症状之间的联系。
本研究对134名年龄在15至18岁的青少年进行，使用了父母接纳/拒绝问卷（PARQ儿童版）、青少年自我报告（YSR）以及为本调查编制的一份问卷。
结果显示，来自离异家庭的品行障碍青少年数量显著高于来自完整家庭的青少年（分别为44.8%和13.4%；p < 0.001）。此外，与对照组相比，该组青少年中患有精神疾病的父母数量在统计学上也显著更高（分别为31.3%和8.9%；p = 0.001）。品行障碍青少年的感知拒绝维度以及母亲接纳/拒绝的总指数显著高于无此类障碍的青少年（分别为132.30±38.05和93.91±26.29；p < 0.001）。父亲接纳/拒绝维度也有类似结果（分别为129.40±39.58和86.10±15.95；p < 0.001）。与父母接纳/拒绝总指数较低的品行障碍青少年（8.32±5.05和8.28±5.08）相比，感知到母亲和父亲严重拒绝的品行障碍青少年在外化症状子量表上的平均得分显著更高（14.55±4.45和13.27 + 5.05）。
结果表明，与无品行障碍的青少年相比，品行障碍青少年认为他们的父母更具拒绝性，更缺乏温暖和支持。与无品行障碍的青少年相比，品行障碍青少年群体中对父母显著且严重拒绝的感知与外化症状子量表上显著更高的平均得分相关。研究发现，品行障碍青少年大多来自大家庭，父母离异或父母患有多种精神疾病。
