Posel Nancy, Mcgee James B, Fleiszer David M
a McGill University , Canada .
b The University of Pittsburgh , USA.
Med Teach. 2015;37(9):813-8. doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2014.993951. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
Clinical reasoning is a critical core competency in medical education. Strategies to support the development of clinical reasoning skills have focused on methodologies used in traditional settings, including lectures, small groups, activities within Simulation Centers and the clinical arena. However, the evolving role and growing utilization of virtual patients (VPs) in undergraduate medical education; as well as an increased emphasis on blended learning, multi-modal models that include VPs in core curricula; suggest a growing requirement for strategies or guidelines that directly focus on VPs. The authors have developed 12 practical tips that can be used in VP cases to support the development of clinical reasoning. These are based on teaching strategies and principles of instructional design and pedagogy, already used to teach and assess clinical reasoning in other settings. Their application within VPs will support educators who author or use VP cases that promote the development of clinical reasoning.
临床推理是医学教育中的一项关键核心能力。支持临床推理技能发展的策略一直聚焦于传统教学环境中所使用的方法，包括讲座、小组讨论、模拟中心及临床场景中的活动。然而，虚拟病人（VPs）在本科医学教育中的角色不断演变且应用日益广泛；同时，对混合式学习、在核心课程中纳入虚拟病人的多模态模式的重视也日益增加；这表明对直接聚焦于虚拟病人的策略或指南的需求不断增长。作者们制定了12条实用技巧，可用于虚拟病人案例，以支持临床推理的发展。这些技巧基于教学设计和教学法的教学策略及原则，这些策略和原则已用于在其他环境中教授和评估临床推理。它们在虚拟病人中的应用将为编写或使用促进临床推理发展的虚拟病人案例的教育工作者提供支持。
