Wilksch S M, Paxton S J, Byrne S M, Austin S B, McLean S A, Thompson K M, Dorairaj K, Wade T D
School of Psychology, Flinders University,SA,Australia.
School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University,VIC,Australia.
Psychol Med. 2015 Jul;45(9):1811-23. doi: 10.1017/S003329171400289X. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
A randomized controlled trial of three school-based programs and a no-intervention control group was conducted to evaluate their efficacy in reducing eating disorder and obesity risk factors.
A total of 1316 grade 7 and 8 girls and boys (mean age = 13.21 years) across three Australian states were randomly allocated to: Media Smart; Life Smart; the Helping, Encouraging, Listening and Protecting Peers (HELPP) initiative; or control (usual school class). Risk factors were measured at baseline, post-program (5 weeks later), and at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups.
Media Smart girls had half the rate of onset of clinically significant concerns about shape and weight than control girls at the 12-month follow-up. Media Smart and HELPP girls reported significantly lower weight and shape concern than Life Smart girls at the 12-month follow-up. Media Smart and control girls scored significantly lower than HELPP girls on eating concerns and perceived pressure at the 6-month follow-up. Media Smart and HELPP boys experienced significant benefit on media internalization compared with control boys and these were sustained at the 12-month follow-up in Media Smart boys. A group × time effect found that Media Smart participants reported more physical activity than control and HELPP participants at the 6-month follow-up, while a main effect for group found Media Smart participants reported less screen time than controls.
Media Smart was the only program to show benefit on both disordered eating and obesity risk factors. Whilst further investigations are indicated, this study suggests that this program is a promising approach to reducing risk factors for both problems.
开展了一项针对三种校内项目及一个无干预对照组的随机对照试验，以评估它们在降低饮食失调和肥胖风险因素方面的效果。
来自澳大利亚三个州的1316名七年级和八年级学生（平均年龄 = 13.21岁）被随机分配到：媒体智能项目；生活智能项目；帮助、鼓励、倾听和保护同伴（HELPP）倡议项目；或对照组（常规学校课程）。在基线、项目结束后（5周后）以及6个月和12个月随访时测量风险因素。
在12个月随访时，媒体智能项目组的女孩出现对体型和体重的临床显著担忧的发生率是对照组女孩的一半。在12个月随访时，媒体智能项目组和HELPP项目组的女孩报告的体重和体型担忧明显低于生活智能项目组的女孩。在6个月随访时，媒体智能项目组和对照组的女孩在饮食担忧和感知压力方面的得分明显低于HELPP项目组的女孩。与对照组男孩相比，媒体智能项目组和HELPP项目组的男孩在媒体内化方面有显著改善，且在12个月随访时，媒体智能项目组的男孩仍保持这种改善。组×时间效应发现，在6个月随访时，媒体智能项目组的参与者报告的身体活动比对照组和HELPP项目组的参与者更多，而组的主效应发现，媒体智能项目组的参与者报告的屏幕时间比对照组少。
媒体智能项目是唯一一个在饮食失调和肥胖风险因素方面均显示出益处的项目。虽然需要进一步研究，但本研究表明该项目是降低这两个问题风险因素的一种有前景的方法。
