Brodziak Andrzej, Kołat Estera, Różyk-Myrta Alicja
Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sosnowiec, Poland.
Institute of Nursing, University of Applied Sciences, Nysa, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2014 Dec 19;20:2733-9. doi: 10.12659/MSM.891056.
Older people often exhibit memory impairments. Contemporary demographic trends cause aging of the society. In this situation, it is important to conduct clinical trials of drugs and use training methods to improve memory capacity. Development of new memory tests requires experiments on animals and then clinical trials in humans. Therefore, we decided to review the assessment methods and search for tests that evaluate analogous cognitive processes in animals and humans. This review has enabled us to propose 2 pairs of tests of the efficiency of working memory capacity in animals and humans. We propose a basic set of methods for complex clinical trials of drugs and training methods to improve memory, consisting of 2 pairs of tests: 1) the Novel Object Recognition Test - Sternberg Item Recognition Test and 2) the Object-Location Test - Visuospatial Memory Test. We postulate that further investigations of methods that are equivalent in animals experiments and observations performed on humans are necessary.
老年人常常表现出记忆障碍。当代人口趋势导致社会老龄化。在这种情况下，开展药物临床试验并采用训练方法来提高记忆能力很重要。开发新的记忆测试需要先在动物身上进行实验，然后在人类身上进行临床试验。因此，我们决定回顾评估方法，并寻找能评估动物和人类类似认知过程的测试。这一综述使我们能够提出两对用于测试动物和人类工作记忆能力效率的测试。我们提出了一套用于药物复杂临床试验和提高记忆的训练方法的基本方法集，包括两对测试：1）新物体识别测试 - 斯特恩伯格项目识别测试，以及2）物体位置测试 - 视觉空间记忆测试。我们假定有必要进一步研究在动物实验和对人类进行的观察中等效的方法。
