Malir Frantisek, Ostry Vladimir, Pfohl-Leszkowicz Annie, Toman Jakub, Bazin Ingrid, Roubal Tomas
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
National Reference Center for Microfungi and Mycotoxins in Food Chains, Center of Health, Nutrition and Food in Brno, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
Toxins (Basel). 2014 Dec 17;6(12):3438-53. doi: 10.3390/toxins6123438.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, immunotoxic, neurotoxic, reprotoxic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic (group 2B), being characterized by species and sex differences in sensitivity. Despite the fact that OTA is in some aspects a controversial topic, OTA is the most powerful renal carcinogen. The aim of this study was to make a small survey concerning OTA content in black tea, fruit tea, and ground roasted coffee, and to assess OTA transfer into beverages. OTA content was measured using a validated and accredited HPLC-FLD method with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.35 ng/g. The OTA amount ranged from LOQ up to 250 ng/g in black tea and up to 104 ng/g in fruit tea. Black tea and fruit tea, naturally contaminated, were used to prepare tea infusions. The transfer from black tea to the infusion was 34.8% ± 1.3% and from fruit tea 4.1% ± 0.2%. Ground roasted coffee naturally contaminated at 0.92 ng/g was used to prepare seven kinds of coffee beverages. Depending on the type of process used, OTA transfer into coffee ranged from 22.3% to 66.1%. OTA intakes from fruit and black tea or coffee represent a non-negligible human source.
赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）具有肾毒性、肝毒性、免疫毒性、神经毒性、生殖毒性、致畸性和致癌性（2B类），其敏感性存在物种和性别差异。尽管OTA在某些方面是一个有争议的话题，但它是最强大的肾致癌物。本研究的目的是对红茶、水果茶和研磨烘焙咖啡中的OTA含量进行小规模调查，并评估OTA向饮料中的转移情况。使用经过验证和认可的高效液相色谱 - 荧光检测法（HPLC - FLD）测量OTA含量，定量限（LOQ）为0.35 ng/g。红茶中OTA含量范围为LOQ至250 ng/g，水果茶中高达104 ng/g。使用天然受污染的红茶和水果茶制备茶饮料。从红茶到茶饮料的转移率为34.8%±1.3%，从水果茶为4.1%±0.2%。使用天然受污染且含量为0.92 ng/g的研磨烘焙咖啡制备七种咖啡饮料。根据所采用的加工类型，OTA向咖啡中的转移率为22.3%至66.1%。从水果和红茶或咖啡中摄入的OTA是不可忽视的人体来源。
