Zarzycka Danuta, Ślusarska Barbara, Marcinowicz Ludmiła, Wrońska Irena, Kózka Maria
Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Chair of Development of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(4):882-7. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1129952.
Civilization changes of the environment shaping the psychosocial resources from rural to urban influence human health.
The study aimed to identify the differences due to the place of residence (rural, urban) as far as health resources are concerned (social support, sense of coherence, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentration in plasma) and health in examination stress situations. The study also determined the concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (health resource) and cortisol (stress indicator).
The psychosocial variables were assessed using the scales: ISEL-48v. Coll., SOC-29, SF-36v.2™ o and analogue scale (perception of examination stress). The study included, based on a stratified sampling (year of study) and purposive sampling (written examination, major), 731 students representing the six universities in Lublin, south-east Poland. Among the respondents, 130 students were rural residents.
Health resources of students living in rural and urban areas generally differ statistically significantly in social support and the subscales of availability of tangible support, availability of appreciative support, the availability of cognitive-evaluative support and a sense of resourcefulness. The study recorded a sstatistically significantly larger network of family ties among students living in rural areas. The demonstrated diversity of resources did not substantially affect the perceived health, with the exception of pain sensation. Examination stress assessed by subjective opinion of the respondents and plasma cortisol levels vary relative to the place of residence. Students residing in rural areas showed significantly lower cortisol levels values, but subjectively perceived the situation of examation as more stressful.
Differences in health resources and their mechanism of impact on health, to a limited extent, were conditioned by the place of residence, but they are so important in the light of human choices that they require further analysis.
环境的文明变迁塑造了从农村到城市的心理社会资源，影响着人类健康。
本研究旨在确定就健康资源（社会支持、连贯感、血浆硫酸脱氢表雄酮浓度）以及考试应激情况下的健康而言，居住地（农村、城市）所导致的差异。该研究还测定了硫酸脱氢表雄酮（健康资源）和皮质醇（应激指标）的浓度。
使用以下量表评估心理社会变量：ISEL - 48v. Coll.、SOC - 29、SF - 36v.2™ o以及类似量表（考试应激感知）。基于分层抽样（学习年份）和目的抽样（笔试、专业），该研究纳入了代表波兰东南部卢布林六所大学的731名学生。在受访者中，130名学生为农村居民。
农村和城市地区学生的健康资源在社会支持以及实际支持的可得性、赞赏性支持的可得性、认知评价支持的可得性和足智多谋感等子量表方面，总体上在统计学上存在显著差异。该研究记录到农村地区学生的家庭关系网络在统计学上显著更大。所显示的资源多样性除了疼痛感外，对感知到的健康没有实质性影响。根据受访者的主观意见评估的考试应激和血浆皮质醇水平因居住地而异。居住在农村地区的学生皮质醇水平值显著较低，但主观上认为考试情况压力更大。
健康资源的差异及其对健康的影响机制在一定程度上受居住地制约，但鉴于人类的选择，这些差异非常重要，需要进一步分析。
