Enskär Karin, Björk Maria, Knutsson Susanne, Granlund Mats, Darcy Laura, Huus Karina
School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Sweden; CHILD Research Group, Jönköping University, Sweden.
CHILD Research Group, Jönköping University, Sweden; School of Life Science, University of Skövde, Sweden.
Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2015 Jun;19(3):310-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2014.10.013. Epub 2014 Dec 16.
A dramatic improvement in outcomes of survival rates of childhood cancer has been seen. Caring science research is central in providing skills and knowledge to the health care sector, but few overviews of the content of published research have been carried out. The aim of this review was to investigate the content and methodology of published studies in paediatric oncology relevant to caring science, and also to compare possible differences in content and method of the published studies from the nursing and psychosocial perspectives.
A systematic literature review was performed of 137 published articles on paediatric oncology relevant to caring science in Sweden.
The results show that most of the studies were descriptive or comparative ones with a quantitative design. Most of them focused on parents (43%) or children (28%). Most of the studies investigated wellbeing (88%), using questionnaires (54%) or interviews (38%). Several different measurement instruments had been used. While the results were often clearly presented, the clinical implications were more diffuse. The most acknowledged research fund was the Swedish Childhood Foundation (75%).
To reflect the children' perspectives in paediatric oncology require that future researchers take on the challenge of including children (even young ones) in research. The use of a limited number of agreed measurement instruments is desirable. The biggest challenge for the future is to make a shift from explorative to intervention studies. There is an urgent need to transform research results into clinical practice.
儿童癌症存活率已取得显著提高。关怀科学研究对于为医疗保健部门提供技能和知识至关重要，但对已发表研究内容的综述却很少。本综述的目的是调查与关怀科学相关的儿科肿瘤学已发表研究的内容和方法，并从护理和社会心理角度比较已发表研究在内容和方法上可能存在的差异。
对瑞典137篇与关怀科学相关的儿科肿瘤学已发表文章进行了系统的文献综述。
结果表明，大多数研究是描述性或比较性的，采用定量设计。其中大多数关注父母（43%）或儿童（28%）。大多数研究调查幸福感（88%），采用问卷调查（54%）或访谈（38%）。使用了几种不同的测量工具。虽然结果通常清晰呈现，但临床意义更为模糊。最受认可的研究基金是瑞典儿童基金会（75%）。
要在儿科肿瘤学中体现儿童的观点，要求未来的研究人员应对将儿童（甚至是年幼儿童）纳入研究的挑战。使用有限数量的商定测量工具是可取的。未来最大的挑战是从探索性研究转向干预性研究。迫切需要将研究结果转化为临床实践。
