Dueñas María, Salazar Alejandro, Ojeda Begoña, Fernández-Palacín Fernando, Micó Juan Antonio, Torres Luis Miguel, Failde Inmaculada
Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.
Pain Med. 2015 Apr;16(4):811-22. doi: 10.1111/pme.12640. Epub 2014 Dec 19.
This study aims to assess the prevalence of chronic pain, its characteristics, and its impact on the general Spanish population. Also, to establish chronic pain patient subgroups according to the characteristics of pain and to identify variables specifically associated with each subgroup.
Telephone-based, cross-sectional nationwide study.
A sample of 1,957 individuals representative of the Spanish population.
Data were collected through telephone interviews. A subject was considered to have chronic pain if they had suffered pain (at least 4 days a week) during the last 3 months. The subjects were divided into two subgroups through a cluster analysis, and a regression model was established to determine the variables most specifically associated with these subgroups.
The prevalence of chronic pain was 16.6% (95% confidence interval: 14.9-18.3) and among these subjects, more than 50% referred to limitations in their daily activities, 30% felt sad and/or anxious, and 47.2% indicated that their pain was affecting their family life. Two subgroups of subjects with pain were identified: 1) characterized by generalized pain in more than one location and of a long evolution (150 months); and 2) characterized by pain localized to only one site with a shorter duration (100 months). Individuals who felt anxious because of their pain and those who considered that their pain was affecting their family were more likely to belong to group 1.
Pain affects an important proportion of the Spanish adult population and that it has a strong personal impact. Two pain groups were clearly distinguished by their clinical characteristics.
本研究旨在评估慢性疼痛在西班牙普通人群中的患病率、特征及其影响。此外，根据疼痛特征建立慢性疼痛患者亚组，并确定与每个亚组具体相关的变量。
基于电话的全国性横断面研究。
1957名具有西班牙人口代表性的个体样本。
通过电话访谈收集数据。如果受试者在过去3个月内经历过疼痛（每周至少4天），则被认为患有慢性疼痛。通过聚类分析将受试者分为两个亚组，并建立回归模型以确定与这些亚组最具体相关的变量。
慢性疼痛的患病率为16.6%（95%置信区间：14.9 - 18.3），在这些受试者中，超过50%的人提到日常活动受限，30%的人感到悲伤和/或焦虑，47.2%的人表示他们的疼痛正在影响家庭生活。确定了两个疼痛受试者亚组：1）特征为多个部位的广泛性疼痛且病程较长（150个月）；2）特征为仅一个部位的局限性疼痛且病程较短（100个月）。因疼痛感到焦虑的个体以及认为疼痛正在影响家庭的个体更有可能属于第1组。
疼痛影响了很大比例的西班牙成年人口，且对个人有很大影响。根据临床特征明确区分出了两个疼痛组。
