de Sola Helena, Salazar Alejandro, Dueñas María, Ojeda Begoña, Failde Inmaculada
Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cadiz, Observatory of Pain Grünenthal Fundation-University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
Salus Infirmorum Faculty of Nursing, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
BMJ Open. 2016 Dec 23;6(12):e012246. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012246.
To determine the prevalence and the factors related to sick leave and job loss among individuals suffering from chronic pain (CP), and to analyse specifically the effect of family and social support on the individual's employment.
Observational cross-sectional study.
Data were collected using structured computer-assisted telephone interviews between February and June 2011.
A nationwide study of 1543 Spanish adults of working age (<65), 213 of whom suffered from CP (pain suffered at least 4 or 5 days a week during the past 3 months, according to the criteria of the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP)).
Information was collected regarding the individual's sociodemographic status, pain characteristics, healthcare use and satisfaction, limitations in daily activities, mood status, perception of the impact of pain on their families, and their satisfaction with the family and social support. To identify factors associated with sick leave and job loss among those suffering CP, 2 logistic regression models were generated.
The prevalence of sick leave due to CP in the general Spanish population was 4.21% (95% CI 3.2% to 5.2%). Sick leave were more likely for individuals who considered their family were affected by their pain (OR=2.18), needed help to dressing and grooming (OR=2.98), taking medication (OR=2.18), had a shorter pain duration (OR=0.99) and higher educational level. The prevalence of job loss due to CP was 1.8% (95% CI 1.1% to 2.5%). It was related to feelings of sadness (OR=4.25), being unsatisfied with the care provided by health professionals (OR=2.60) and consulting a doctor more often due to CP (OR=1.09).
CP is negatively associated with an individual's employment. This detrimental effect could be ameliorated if the factors related to sick leave and job loss provoked by CP are identified, especially those related to the effect of CP on the family and social environment.
确定慢性疼痛（CP）患者病假和失业的患病率及相关因素，并具体分析家庭和社会支持对个人就业的影响。
观察性横断面研究。
2011年2月至6月期间通过结构化计算机辅助电话访谈收集数据。
一项针对1543名西班牙工作年龄（<65岁）成年人的全国性研究，其中213人患有CP（根据国际疼痛研究协会（IASP）的标准，在过去3个月中每周至少有4或5天遭受疼痛）。
收集有关个人社会人口学状况、疼痛特征、医疗保健使用和满意度、日常活动限制、情绪状态、对疼痛对其家庭影响的认知以及对家庭和社会支持的满意度等信息。为了确定CP患者中与病假和失业相关的因素，生成了2个逻辑回归模型。
西班牙普通人群中因CP导致的病假患病率为4.21%（95%CI 3.2%至5.2%）。认为家人受其疼痛影响的个体（OR=2.18）、穿衣和梳洗需要帮助的个体（OR=2.98）、正在服药的个体（OR=2.18）、疼痛持续时间较短的个体（OR=0.99）以及教育水平较高的个体更有可能请病假。因CP导致的失业患病率为1.8%（95%CI 1.1%至2.5%）。这与悲伤情绪（OR=4.25）、对医护人员提供的护理不满意（OR=2.60）以及因CP更频繁就医（OR=1.09）有关。
CP与个人就业呈负相关。如果能确定由CP引发的病假和失业相关因素，尤其是那些与CP对家庭和社会环境影响相关的因素，这种不利影响可能会得到改善。
