Luo Renfu, Shi Yaojiang, Zhou Huan, Yue Ai, Zhang Linxiu, Sylvia Sean, Medina Alexis, Rozelle Scott
Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. Jia 11, Datun Road, Chaoyang, Beijing 100101, China.
Center for Experimental Economics in Education (CEEE), Shaanxi Normal University, 620 Chang'an Rd West, Xi'an 710119, China.
Nutrients. 2014 Dec 22;6(12):5975-91. doi: 10.3390/nu6125975.
Anemia is one of the most prevalent public health problems among infants and iron deficiency anemia has been related to many adverse consequences. The overall goal of this study is to examine the prevalence of anemia among infants in poor rural China and to identify correlates of anemia. In April 2013, we randomly sampled 948 infants aged 6-11 months living in 351 villages across 174 townships in nationally-designated poverty counties in rural areas of southern Shaanxi Province, China. Infants were administered a finger prick blood test for hemoglobin (Hb). Anthropometric measurement and household survey of demographic characteristics and feeding practices were conducted in the survey. We found that 54.3% of 6-11 month old infants in poor rural China are anemic, and 24.3% of sample infants suffer from moderate or severe anemia. We find that children still breastfed over 6 months of age had lower Hb concentrations and higher anemia prevalence than their non-breastfeeding counterparts (p < 0.01), and that children who had ever been formula-fed had significantly higher Hb concentrations and lower anemia prevalence than their non-formula-fed counterparts (p < 0.01). The results suggest the importance of iron supplementation or home fortification while breastfeeding.
贫血是婴幼儿中最普遍的公共卫生问题之一，缺铁性贫血与许多不良后果相关。本研究的总体目标是调查中国农村贫困地区婴幼儿贫血的患病率，并确定贫血的相关因素。2013年4月，我们在中国陕西省南部农村国家级贫困县的174个乡镇的351个村庄中，随机抽取了948名6至11个月大的婴儿。对婴儿进行了手指采血检测血红蛋白（Hb）。在调查中进行了人体测量以及关于人口特征和喂养方式的家庭调查。我们发现，中国农村贫困地区54.3%的6至11个月大婴儿贫血，24.3%的样本婴儿患有中度或重度贫血。我们发现，6个月以上仍母乳喂养的儿童血红蛋白浓度较低，贫血患病率高于非母乳喂养的儿童（p<0.01），且曾经接受过配方奶喂养的儿童血红蛋白浓度显著较高，贫血患病率低于非配方奶喂养的儿童（p<0.01）。结果表明母乳喂养期间补充铁剂或家庭强化的重要性。
