Hao Yuanfeng, Parks Ryan, Cowger Christina, Chen Zhenbang, Wang Yingying, Bland Dan, Murphy J Paul, Guedira Mohammed, Brown-Guedira Gina, Johnson Jerry
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA,
Theor Appl Genet. 2015 Mar;128(3):465-76. doi: 10.1007/s00122-014-2445-1. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
A new powdery mildew resistance gene Pm54 was identified on chromosome 6BL in soft red winter wheat. Powdery mildew is causing increasing damage to wheat production in the southeastern USA. To combat the disease, a continuing need exists to discover new genes for powdery mildew resistance and to incorporate those genes into breeding programs. Pioneer(®) variety 26R61 (shortened as 26R61) and AGS 2000 have been used as checks in the Uniform Southern Soft Red Winter Wheat Nursery for a decade, and both have provided good resistance across regions during that time. In the present study, a genetic analysis of mildew resistance was conducted on a RIL population developed from a cross of 26R61 and AGS 2000. Phenotypic evaluation was conducted in the field at Plains, GA, and Raleigh, NC, in 2012 and 2013, a total of four environments. Three quantitative trait loci (QTL) with major effect were consistently detected on wheat chromosomes 2BL, 4A and 6BL. The 2BL QTL contributed by 26R61 was different from Pm6, a widely used gene in the southeastern USA. The other two QTL were identified from AGS 2000. The 6BL QTL was subsequently characterized as a simple Mendelian factor when the population was inoculated with a single Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt) isolate in controlled environments. Since there is no known powdery mildew resistance gene (Pm) on this particular location of common wheat, the gene was designated Pm54. The closely linked marker Xbarc134 was highly polymorphic in a set of mildew differentials, indicating that the marker should be useful for pyramiding Pm54 with other Pm genes by marker-assisted selection.
在软红冬小麦6BL染色体上鉴定出一个新的抗白粉病基因Pm54。白粉病对美国东南部的小麦生产造成的损害日益严重。为了防治这种病害，持续需要发现新的抗白粉病基因并将这些基因纳入育种计划。先锋（®）品种26R61（简称为26R61）和AGS 2000已在南方软红冬小麦统一苗圃中用作对照品种达十年之久，在此期间二者在各地区均表现出良好的抗性。在本研究中，对由26R61和AGS 2000杂交产生的重组自交系群体进行了抗白粉病遗传分析。2012年和2013年在佐治亚州普莱恩斯和北卡罗来纳州罗利的田间进行了表型评价，共四个环境。在小麦2BL、4A和6BL染色体上一致检测到三个具有主要效应的数量性状位点（QTL）。由26R61贡献的2BL QTL与美国东南部广泛使用的基因Pm6不同。另外两个QTL是从AGS 2000中鉴定出来的。当在可控环境中用单个小麦白粉病菌（Bgt）分离株接种该群体时，6BL QTL随后被表征为一个简单的孟德尔因子。由于在普通小麦的这个特定位置上没有已知的抗白粉病基因（Pm），因此该基因被命名为Pm54。紧密连锁的标记Xbarc134在一组白粉病鉴别品种中具有高度多态性，表明该标记对于通过标记辅助选择将Pm54与其他Pm基因聚合应该是有用的。
