Chaouat Gérard, Clark David A
INSERM UMRS-976, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Reprod Immunol. 2015 Apr;108:56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2014.10.004. Epub 2014 Dec 2.
The proposition "This house agrees that the proper study of man is woman" was debated. For those negating the proposition, the alternative was that "animal models are useful in understanding the human feto-maternal relationship." Evidence for the proposition emphasized molecular and structural differences between the human and animal placenta and placentation. Evidence against the proposition and in favor of the alternative focused on functional and structural homologies, emphasizing that different molecules could be used in humans to achieve similar functional effects seen in animal (e.g., mouse) models. It was agreed that one always needed to test the validity of animal data by studying humans. The advantages and limitations of animal models were discussed.
“本议院认为对人类的恰当研究对象是女性”这一命题展开了辩论。对于否定该命题的人而言，替代观点是“动物模型有助于理解人类胎儿与母体的关系”。支持该命题的证据强调了人类胎盘与动物胎盘以及胎盘形成过程中的分子和结构差异。反对该命题并支持替代观点的证据则聚焦于功能和结构上的同源性，强调在人类中可以使用不同分子来实现与动物（如小鼠）模型中所见类似的功能效果。大家一致认为始终需要通过对人类的研究来检验动物数据的有效性。讨论了动物模型的优缺点。
