Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, N-0407 Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P.O. 1094 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, N-0407 Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, P.O. 1094 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
Psychiatry Res. 2015 Feb 28;225(3):515-21. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.054. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
A substantial proportion of patients suffering from schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs) exhibit a general intellectual impairment at illness onset, but the subsequent intellectual course remains unclear. Relationships between accumulated time in psychosis and long-term intellectual functioning are largely uninvestigated, but may identify subgroups with different intellectual trajectories. Eighty-nine first-episode psychosis patients were investigated on IQ at baseline and at 10-years follow-up. Total time in psychosis was defined as two separate variables; Duration of psychosis before start of treatment (i.e. duration of untreated psychosis: DUP), and duration of psychosis after start of treatment (DAT). The sample was divided in three equal groups based on DUP and DAT, respectively. To investigate if diagnosis could separate IQ-trajectories beyond that of psychotic duration, two diagnostic categories were defined: core versus non-core SSDs. No significant change in IQ was found for the total sample. Intellectual course was not related to DUP or stringency of diagnostic category. However, a subgroup with long DAT demonstrated a significant intellectual decline, mainly associated with a weaker performance on test of immediate verbal recall/working memory (WAIS-R Digit Span). This indicates a relationship between accumulated duration of psychosis and long-term intellectual course, irrespective of diagnostic category, in a significant subgroup of patients.
相当一部分患有精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSDs）的患者在发病时就存在普遍的智力障碍，但随后的智力发展情况仍不清楚。在精神病中累积的时间与长期智力功能之间的关系在很大程度上尚未得到研究，但可能会确定具有不同智力轨迹的亚组。研究了 89 名首发精神病患者的智商，包括基线和 10 年随访时的智商。总精神病时间定义为两个单独的变量；治疗开始前的精神病持续时间（即未治疗精神病的持续时间：DUP）和治疗开始后的精神病持续时间（DAT）。根据 DUP 和 DAT 将样本分为三组。为了研究诊断是否可以在精神病持续时间之外分离智商轨迹，定义了两个诊断类别：核心与非核心 SSD。总样本的智商没有明显变化。智力发展与 DUP 或诊断类别的严格程度无关。然而，具有较长 DAT 的亚组表现出明显的智力下降，主要与即时言语回忆/工作记忆测试（WAIS-R 数字跨度）的表现较弱有关。这表明，在一个具有重要意义的患者亚组中，无论诊断类别如何，精神病累积时间与长期智力发展之间存在关系。
