Departments of Psychology and
Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Health Equity Studies, and.
Pediatrics. 2015 Jan;135(1):e52-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-1915. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
Primary disabilities in children prenatally exposed to alcohol have a major impact on their daily life. It is suggested that these issues persist into adulthood, but few studies have addressed the outcome in adults with prenatal exposure, especially those with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). The aim of this follow-up study was to investigate outcome variables, such as education, employment, health, and criminal acts, in 79 adults diagnosed with FAS.
We carried out a national register-based study of 79 adults with an FAS diagnosis, at a mean age of 32. Education, social adjustment, and mental health outcomes were analyzed and compared with 3160 comparison individuals matched on age, gender, and place of birth.
The FAS group was much more likely to have received special education (25% vs 2%), be unemployed (51% vs 15%), and receive a disability pension (31% vs 3%) than the comparisons, but the levels of criminal offenses were similar. The FAS group had higher hospital admission rates for alcohol abuse (9% vs 2%) and psychiatric disorders (33% vs 5%) and was more likely to be prescribed psychotropic drugs (57% vs 27%).
Swedish children with FAS have quite diverse psychosocial outcomes in adulthood, considerably worse than for majority population peers. Potential risk and protective factors within the FAS group deserve study to enable development of effective interventions.
产前酒精暴露的儿童主要存在残疾问题，这对他们的日常生活有重大影响。有研究表明，这些问题会持续到成年期，但很少有研究关注产前暴露的成年人的结果，尤其是那些有胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FAS）的成年人。本随访研究旨在调查 79 名确诊为 FAS 的成年人的教育、就业、健康和犯罪行为等结果变量。
我们对 79 名 FAS 诊断成年人进行了一项全国基于登记的研究，他们的平均年龄为 32 岁。分析和比较了他们的教育、社会适应和心理健康结果，并与 3160 名按年龄、性别和出生地匹配的对照个体进行了比较。
与对照组相比，FAS 组更有可能接受特殊教育（25%对 2%）、失业（51%对 15%）和领取残疾抚恤金（31%对 3%），但犯罪率水平相似。FAS 组因酒精滥用（9%对 2%）和精神障碍（33%对 5%）住院率较高，更有可能开精神药物（57%对 27%）。
瑞典患有 FAS 的儿童在成年后面临相当多样化的社会心理结果，明显比同龄人差。FAS 组内的潜在风险和保护因素值得研究，以开发有效的干预措施。
