Weisinger R S, Denton D A, Osborne P G
Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology and Medicine University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1989 Jun;33(2):335-41. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(89)90510-8.
The effect of ACTH or dexamethasone treatment on ingestion of 10% ethanol, 0.5 M NaCl and water was studied in individually- and pair-housed rats. Crowding or decreasing the amount of space per rat by increasing the number of rats per cage from 1 to 2, together with the associated increase in social interactions caused a large increase in ethanol intake. In pair-housed rats and in rats housed alone, ACTH treatment caused a large increase in Na intake but no change in ethanol intake. In pair-housed rats and in rats housed alone, dexamethasone treatment caused no change in either ethanol or Na intake. Thus, it would appear that the induction or maintenance of a high ethanol intake of rats during crowding, a presumed social stressor, can not be attributed entirely to either an increase in blood ACTH levels with the subsequent increase in glucocorticoid hormones or to a decrease in blood ACTH and natural glucocorticoid hormone levels. However, the possibility that ACTH and/or adrenocorticoid hormones, combined with other physiological or environmental factors, causes stressor-induced ethanol intake cannot be excluded.
研究了促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）或地塞米松处理对单独饲养和成对饲养大鼠摄入10%乙醇、0.5M氯化钠和水的影响。拥挤或通过将每笼大鼠数量从1只增加到2只来减少每只大鼠的空间量，以及随之而来的社会互动增加，导致乙醇摄入量大幅增加。在成对饲养的大鼠和单独饲养的大鼠中，ACTH处理导致钠摄入量大幅增加，但乙醇摄入量没有变化。在成对饲养的大鼠和单独饲养的大鼠中，地塞米松处理对乙醇或钠的摄入量均无影响。因此，在拥挤（一种假定的社会应激源）期间大鼠高乙醇摄入量的诱导或维持，似乎不能完全归因于血液中ACTH水平升高以及随后糖皮质激素水平升高，也不能归因于血液中ACTH和天然糖皮质激素水平降低。然而，ACTH和/或肾上腺皮质激素与其他生理或环境因素共同作用导致应激源诱导乙醇摄入的可能性不能排除。
