James Evan W, LaPrade Christopher M, LaPrade Robert F
*Steadman Philippon Research Institute †The Steadman Clinic, Vail, CO.
Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2015 Mar;23(1):2-9. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000040.
A detailed understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics of the lateral knee is essential for the clinical diagnosis and surgical treatment of lateral-sided knee injuries. In the past, the structure and function of the lateral and posterolateral knee was poorly understood and was dubbed by some as "the dark side of the knee." However, recent advances in quantitative anatomy and biomechanics of this region have led to the development of anatomic-based reconstruction techniques and improved objective and subjective patient-based outcomes. Although the lateral knee consists of 28 unique structures, the primary lateral knee stabilizers include the fibular collateral ligament, popliteus tendon, and popliteofibular ligament. Together, these structures function to resist lateral compartment varus gapping and rotatory knee instability. This work will summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the anatomy and biomechanics of the lateral knee structures, while emphasizing implications for surgical treatment.
深入了解膝关节外侧的解剖结构和生物力学，对于膝关节外侧损伤的临床诊断和手术治疗至关重要。过去，人们对膝关节外侧和后外侧的结构与功能了解甚少，一些人将其称为“膝关节的黑暗面”。然而，该区域定量解剖学和生物力学的最新进展，已促使基于解剖学的重建技术得以发展，并改善了基于患者的客观和主观治疗效果。尽管膝关节外侧由28个独特结构组成，但主要的外侧膝关节稳定结构包括腓侧副韧带、腘肌腱和腘腓韧带。这些结构共同作用，以抵抗外侧间室的内翻间隙和膝关节旋转不稳定。本文将总结有关膝关节外侧结构解剖学和生物力学的当前知识状态，同时强调其对手术治疗的意义。
