转运RNA作为抗生素靶点。

Chopra Shaileja, Reader John

Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Dec 25;16(1):321-49. doi: 10.3390/ijms16010321.

Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are central players in the protein translation machinery and as such are prominent targets for a large number of natural and synthetic antibiotics. This review focuses on the role of tRNAs in bacterial antibiosis. We will discuss examples of antibiotics that target multiple stages in tRNA biology from tRNA biogenesis and modification, mature tRNAs, aminoacylation of tRNA as well as prevention of proper tRNA function by small molecules binding to the ribosome. Finally, the role of deacylated tRNAs in the bacterial "stringent response" mechanism that can lead to bacteria displaying antibiotic persistence phenotypes will be discussed.

转运RNA（tRNA）是蛋白质翻译机制的核心组成部分，因此是众多天然和合成抗生素的主要作用靶点。本综述聚焦于tRNA在细菌抗菌作用中的作用。我们将讨论一些抗生素的例子，这些抗生素靶向tRNA生物学的多个阶段，包括tRNA的生物合成与修饰、成熟tRNA、tRNA的氨酰化以及小分子与核糖体结合对tRNA正常功能的抑制。最后，还将讨论去氨酰化tRNA在细菌“严谨反应”机制中的作用，该机制可导致细菌呈现抗生素耐受性表型。