Taylor Bruce G, Mumford Elizabeth A
NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD, USA
NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2016 Mar;31(6):963-88. doi: 10.1177/0886260514564070. Epub 2014 Dec 28.
This article reports results from the National Survey on Teen Relationships and Intimate Violence (STRiV) for 12- to 18-year-old youth (n = 1,804). STRiV provides the first nationally representative household survey focused on adolescent relationship abuse (ARA), covering perpetration and victimization. Among respondents (37%) reporting current- or past-year dating, 69% reported lifetime ARA victimization (63% lifetime ARA perpetration). Although psychological abuse was most common for these youth (more than 60%), the rates of sexual abuse (18%) and physical abuse victimization (18%), as well as 12% reporting perpetrating physical abuse and/or sexual abuse (12%) were substantial as well. Other than differences by age and gender, ARA rates were consistent by race/ethnicity, geographic region, urbanicity, and household characteristics, highlighting the importance of universal prevention programs. Compared with youth aged 15 to 18, those 12 to 14 years old reported lower rates of psychological and sexual ARA victimization. Similarly, we found lower ARA perpetration rates for those 12 to 14. We found no gender differences for ARA victimization but found that girls perpetrated more physical ARA than boys. Girls aged 15 to 18 reported perpetrating moderate threats/physical violence at more than twice the rate of younger girls and 3 times the rate compared with boys aged 15 to 18; girls aged 15 to 18 reported perpetrating more than 4 times the rate of serious psychological abuse than boys 15 to 18. Finally, these data document the significant positive correlation between ARA victimization and perpetration. Findings suggest that when working with youth in prevention services, interventions should not be designed for monolithic groups of "victims" or "perpetrators."
本文报告了针对12至18岁青少年（n = 1804）开展的全国青少年关系与亲密暴力调查（STRiV）的结果。STRiV是首个以全国为代表的针对青少年关系虐待（ARA）的家庭调查，涵盖了施虐和受虐情况。在报告当前或过去一年有约会经历的受访者（37%）中，69%报告有过终身ARA受虐经历（63%有过终身ARA施虐经历）。虽然心理虐待在这些青少年中最为常见（超过60%），但性虐待（18%）和身体虐待受虐率（18%），以及12%报告有过身体虐待和/或性虐待施虐行为（12%）也相当可观。除了年龄和性别差异外，ARA发生率在种族/族裔、地理区域、城市化程度和家庭特征方面保持一致，凸显了普遍预防项目的重要性。与15至18岁的青少年相比，12至14岁的青少年报告的心理和性ARA受虐率较低。同样，我们发现12至14岁的青少年ARA施虐率也较低。我们发现ARA受虐情况不存在性别差异，但发现女孩实施身体ARA的情况比男孩更多。15至18岁的女孩报告实施中度威胁/身体暴力的比例是年龄较小女孩的两倍多，是15至18岁男孩的三倍；15至18岁的女孩报告实施严重心理虐待的比例是15至18岁男孩的四倍多。最后，这些数据证明了ARA受虐与施虐之间存在显著的正相关。研究结果表明，在为青少年提供预防服务时，干预措施不应针对单一的“受害者”或“施虐者”群体设计。
