Pham Thi Phuong Thuy, Kaushik Rajni, Parshetti Ganesh K, Mahmood Russell, Balasubramanian Rajasekhar
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore.
Waste Manag. 2015 Apr;38:399-408. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.12.004. Epub 2014 Dec 30.
Food waste represents a significantly fraction of municipal solid waste. Proper management and recycling of huge volumes of food waste are required to reduce its environmental burdens and to minimize risks to human health. Food waste is indeed an untapped resource with great potential for energy production. Utilization of food waste for energy conversion currently represents a challenge due to various reasons. These include its inherent heterogeneously variable compositions, high moisture contents and low calorific value, which constitute an impediment for the development of robust, large scale, and efficient industrial processes. Although a considerable amount of research has been carried out on the conversion of food waste to renewable energy, there is a lack of comprehensive and systematic reviews of the published literature. The present review synthesizes the current knowledge available in the use of technologies for food-waste-to-energy conversion involving biological (e.g. anaerobic digestion and fermentation), thermal and thermochemical technologies (e.g. incineration, pyrolysis, gasification and hydrothermal oxidation). The competitive advantages of these technologies as well as the challenges associated with them are discussed. In addition, the future directions for more effective utilization of food waste for renewable energy generation are suggested from an interdisciplinary perspective.
食物垃圾占城市固体废物的很大一部分。需要对大量食物垃圾进行妥善管理和回收利用，以减轻其环境负担，并将对人类健康的风险降至最低。食物垃圾实际上是一种未开发的资源，具有巨大的能源生产潜力。由于各种原因，目前利用食物垃圾进行能源转化是一项挑战。这些原因包括其固有的成分高度异质可变、含水量高和热值低，这对稳健、大规模和高效的工业流程的发展构成了障碍。尽管已经对食物垃圾转化为可再生能源进行了大量研究，但对已发表文献缺乏全面系统的综述。本综述综合了目前在利用生物（如厌氧消化和发酵）、热和热化学技术（如焚烧、热解、气化和水热氧化）将食物垃圾转化为能源方面的现有知识。讨论了这些技术的竞争优势以及与之相关的挑战。此外，还从跨学科角度提出了更有效利用食物垃圾生产可再生能源的未来方向。
