Bidondo María Paz, Groisman Boris, Barbero Pablo, Liascovich Rosa
National Registry of Congenital Anomalies of Argentina (RENAC), National Center of Medical Genetics, National Ministry of Health, Av. Las Heras 2670, 3er piso, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
J Community Genet. 2015 Apr;6(2):147-56. doi: 10.1007/s12687-014-0209-x. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
Birth defects are a global problem, but their impact is particularly severe in low and middle income countries, where the conditions for prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation are more critical. The epidemiological transition in the infant mortality causes, and the concern of the community and the mass media about the teratogenic risk of environmental pollutants, has made health authorities aware of the importance of birth defects in Argentina. The objective of this paper is to outline those actions specifically taken in Argentina aimed at the prevention of birth defects at a national level. Firstly, we focus on birth defects in Argentina on a general basis, and then we present different laws and actions taken in terms of surveillance and public health programs, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Finally, we present the Teratology Information Service "Fetal Health Line", and the genetic services organization and health professionals training by the National Center of Medical Genetics and the National Program of Genetics Network. In conclusion, in the country, several programs focus on different approaches to the problem, and the challenge is to coordinate the teamwork between them. Finally, we list tips to address birth defects from the public health perspective.
出生缺陷是一个全球性问题，但在低收入和中等收入国家，其影响尤为严重，因为这些国家的预防、治疗和康复条件更为关键。婴儿死亡原因的流行病学转变，以及社区和大众媒体对环境污染物致畸风险的关注，使阿根廷的卫生当局意识到出生缺陷问题的重要性。本文的目的是概述阿根廷在国家层面为预防出生缺陷而专门采取的那些行动。首先，我们总体关注阿根廷的出生缺陷情况，然后介绍在监测和公共卫生项目、一级、二级和三级预防方面所采取的不同法律和行动。最后，我们介绍致畸学信息服务“胎儿健康热线”，以及国家医学遗传学中心和国家遗传学网络项目对遗传服务机构及卫生专业人员的培训情况。总之，在该国，有几个项目侧重于以不同方式解决这一问题，而面临的挑战是协调它们之间的团队合作。最后，我们从公共卫生角度列出应对出生缺陷的建议。
