Ades A E, Peckham C S, Dale G E, Best J M, Jeansson S
Department of Paediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Child Health, London.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1989 Mar;43(1):53-60. doi: 10.1136/jech.43.1.53.
There has been a recent increase in notifications of genital herpes but it is not known whether this has been reflected in the pregnant population. We have therefore carried out a study to determine the prevalence of herpes simplex antibodies in pregnant women and to estimate the incidence of primary infection. Sera were collected from 3533 women at antenatal clinics and tested for total antibodies to herpes simples virus (HSV), and if positive, for specific antibodies to HSV-2. Estimates of HSV-1 seroprevalence were derived from the HSV-2 seronegative population. HSV-1 seroprevalence was nearly 100% in black women born in Africa or the Caribbean and 60-80% in white, Asian and UK born black women. It was lower in women in non-manual employment. HSV-2 seroprevalence was related to age, rising from 0 at age 16 to 40% at age 35 in black women, and to about 10% in Asian and white women. The estimated incidence of primary HSV-2 infection during pregnancy, per 1000 pregnancies, was about 2.4 in Asian women, 5 in white women, and 20 in black women. Estimates of the incidence of neonatal infection were derived from these figures and compared to the nationally reported rates.
近期，生殖器疱疹的报告病例有所增加，但尚不清楚这一情况在孕妇群体中是否也有体现。因此，我们开展了一项研究，以确定孕妇中单纯疱疹抗体的流行情况，并估算初次感染的发生率。我们从产前诊所的3533名女性中采集血清，检测其针对单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）的总抗体，若结果呈阳性，则进一步检测针对HSV - 2的特异性抗体。HSV - 1血清阳性率的估算值来自HSV - 2血清阴性人群。在非洲或加勒比地区出生的黑人女性中，HSV - 1血清阳性率接近100%，在白人、亚洲人和在英国出生的黑人女性中为60 - 80%。从事非体力工作的女性中该比例较低。HSV - 2血清阳性率与年龄有关，在黑人女性中，从16岁时的0%升至35岁时的40%，在亚洲和白人女性中约为10%。每1000例妊娠中，孕期初次HSV - 2感染的估计发生率在亚洲女性中约为2.4，白人女性中为5，黑人女性中为20。新生儿感染发生率的估算值由此得出，并与全国报告的发生率进行比较。
