Narusaka Mari, Minami Taichi, Iwabuchi Chikako, Hamasaki Takashi, Takasaki Satoko, Kawamura Kimito, Narusaka Yoshihiro
Research Institute for Biological Sciences Okayama, Okayama, Japan.
Research & Development Laboratories for Sustainable Value Creation, Asahi Group Holdings, Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan.
PLoS One. 2015 Jan 7;10(1):e0115864. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115864. eCollection 2015.
Housaku Monogatari (HM) is a plant activator prepared from a yeast cell wall extract. We examined the efficacy of HM application and observed that HM treatment increased the resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa leaves to bacterial and fungal infections. HM reduced the severity of bacterial leaf spot and anthracnose on A. thaliana and Brassica crop leaves with protective effects. In addition, gene expression analysis of A. thaliana plants after treatment with HM indicated increased expression of several plant defense-related genes. HM treatment appears to induce early activation of jasmonate/ethylene and late activation of salicylic acid (SA) pathways. Analysis using signaling mutants revealed that HM required SA accumulation and SA signaling to facilitate resistance to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola and the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum higginsianum. In addition, HM-induced resistance conferred chitin-independent disease resistance to bacterial pathogens in A. thaliana. These results suggest that HM contains multiple microbe-associated molecular patterns that activate defense responses in plants. These findings suggest that the application of HM is a useful tool that may facilitate new disease control methods.
《发酵物语》（HM）是一种由酵母细胞壁提取物制备的植物激活剂。我们检测了HM的应用效果，发现HM处理可增强拟南芥和白菜叶片对细菌和真菌感染的抗性。HM降低了拟南芥和白菜作物叶片上细菌性叶斑病和炭疽病的严重程度，具有保护作用。此外，对用HM处理后的拟南芥植株进行基因表达分析表明，几种植物防御相关基因的表达增加。HM处理似乎诱导了茉莉酸/乙烯的早期激活和水杨酸（SA）途径的后期激活。使用信号突变体进行的分析表明，HM需要SA积累和SA信号传导来促进对细菌病原体丁香假单胞菌番茄致病变种和真菌病原体炭疽菌的抗性。此外，HM诱导的抗性赋予拟南芥对细菌病原体的几丁质非依赖性抗病性。这些结果表明，HM含有多种微生物相关分子模式，可激活植物的防御反应。这些发现表明，HM的应用是一种有用的工具，可能有助于开发新的疾病控制方法。
