Cleland John, Machiyama Kazuyo
Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Semin Reprod Med. 2015 Jan;33(1):11-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1395273. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
Globally, the percentage of married fecund women with unmet need-who use no contraceptive method despite wishing to avoid childbearing for two years or more-fell from 22% in 1970 to 12% in 2010. Substantial health, economic and environmental, and demographic benefits have resulted from this change. Promotion of contraception is one of the great success stories of the past 50 years. However, unmet need remains high in sub-Saharan Africa, at 25%, because of insufficient knowledge of methods, social opposition, and fear of health effects. In addition to obvious factors such as political commitment and adequate funding, success in this region will require improvement in continuation of use and the range of available methods.
在全球范围内,有未满足需求的已婚育龄妇女(即尽管希望避免生育两年或更长时间但未采取任何避孕措施的妇女)的比例从1970年的22%降至2010年的12%。这一变化带来了巨大的健康、经济、环境和人口效益。推广避孕是过去50年中最成功的案例之一。然而,由于对避孕方法的了解不足、社会反对以及对健康影响感到担忧,撒哈拉以南非洲地区的未满足需求仍然很高,达到25%。除了政治承诺和充足资金等明显因素外,该地区要取得成功还需要提高避孕措施的持续使用率,并增加可用方法的种类。