Slettedal Jon Klokk, Ringvold Amund
University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2015 Aug;93(5):422-426. doi: 10.1111/aos.12657. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
To examine the relationship between human corneal and environmental temperature.
An infrared camera was used to measure the corneal surface temperature in a group of healthy volunteers as well as in an experimental setting with donor corneas and an artificial anterior chamber, employing circulating saline at +37°C. Liquid nitrogen was used to obtain a very low temperature in the experimental setting. High ambient temperature measurements were performed in a sauna.
In healthy volunteers, the cornea required at least 20-30 min to adapt to change in ambient temperature. The relationship between corneal and external temperature was relatively linear. At the two extremes, +83°C and -40°C, the corneal temperature was +42°C and +25.1°C, respectively. In the experimental setting, corneal temperature was +24.3°C at air temperature -40°C.
A rather stable aqueous humour temperature of +37°C and high thermal conductivity of the corneal tissue prevent corneal frostbite even at extremely low ambient temperatures.
研究人体角膜温度与环境温度之间的关系。
使用红外摄像机测量一组健康志愿者的角膜表面温度，以及在一个使用37°C循环生理盐水的供体角膜和人工前房的实验环境中的角膜表面温度。在实验环境中使用液氮来获得极低温度。在桑拿房进行高环境温度测量。
在健康志愿者中，角膜至少需要20 - 30分钟来适应环境温度的变化。角膜温度与外部温度之间的关系相对呈线性。在两个极端温度，即83°C和 - 40°C时，角膜温度分别为42°C和25.1°C。在实验环境中，气温为 - 40°C时角膜温度为24.3°C。
即使在极低的环境温度下，相当稳定的37°C房水温度和角膜组织的高导热性也能防止角膜冻伤。
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