Malara Alessandro, Abbonante Vittorio, Di Buduo Christian A, Tozzi Lorenzo, Currao Manuela, Balduini Alessandra
Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2015 Apr;72(8):1517-36. doi: 10.1007/s00018-014-1813-y. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
Megakaryocytes are rare cells found in the bone marrow, responsible for the everyday production and release of millions of platelets into the bloodstream. Since the discovery and cloning, in 1994, of their principal humoral factor, thrombopoietin, and its receptor c-Mpl, many efforts have been directed to define the mechanisms underlying an efficient platelet production. However, more recently different studies have pointed out new roles for megakaryocytes as regulators of bone marrow homeostasis and physiology. In this review we discuss the interaction and the reciprocal regulation of megakaryocytes with the different cellular and extracellular components of the bone marrow environment. Finally, we provide evidence that these processes may concur to the reconstitution of the bone marrow environment after injury and their deregulation may lead to the development of a series of inherited or acquired pathologies.
巨核细胞是存在于骨髓中的稀有细胞，负责每天产生并向血流中释放数百万计的血小板。自1994年发现并克隆其主要体液因子血小板生成素及其受体c-Mpl以来，人们为确定高效血小板生成的潜在机制付出了诸多努力。然而，最近不同的研究指出巨核细胞作为骨髓稳态和生理调节因子的新作用。在本综述中，我们讨论了巨核细胞与骨髓环境中不同细胞和细胞外成分的相互作用及相互调节。最后，我们提供证据表明，这些过程可能有助于损伤后骨髓环境的重建，而它们的失调可能导致一系列遗传性或获得性疾病的发生。
