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生物伦理学、人口研究与基因恐惧症。

Bioethics, population studies, and geneticophobia.

作者信息

Salzano Francisco M

机构信息

Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Caixa Postal 15053, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, RS, Brazil,

出版信息

J Community Genet. 2015 Jul;6(3):197-200. doi: 10.1007/s12687-014-0211-3. Epub 2015 Jan 10.

Abstract

In any research of human populations, the classical principles of bioethics (respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, proportionality between risks and benefits, and justice) should be strictly followed. The question of individual and/or community rights should also be considered, as well as some neglected rights, such as the right to benefit from progress in science and technology and the right to know the nature of the group's biological and cultural history; however, in their urge to assure rights, social researchers, bioethics commissions, non-governmental organizations, and community leaders are, in many cases, crossing the limits of good sense. DNA is sometimes interpreted as synonymous to demoniac, and there is a frequent behaviour that I could only describe using a neologism: geneticophobia. There is an irrational attitude against genetic studies aiming to unravel the biological history of a given people and to classify any genome population study as "racist". This behaviour should be opposed; science and the scientific study of humankind are the only way we have to reach the socially adequate objective of the maximum of happiness to the largest number of persons.

摘要

在任何针对人类群体的研究中,都应严格遵循生物伦理学的经典原则(尊重自主性、不伤害、有益、风险与收益的比例以及公正)。还应考虑个人和/或群体权利的问题,以及一些被忽视的权利,例如从科技进步中受益的权利和了解群体生物与文化历史本质的权利;然而,社会研究者、生物伦理委员会、非政府组织和社区领袖在急于确保权利的过程中,在许多情况下都越过了合理的界限。DNA有时被解读为恶魔的同义词,还有一种我只能用一个新词来描述的常见行为:基因恐惧症。存在一种针对旨在揭示特定人群生物历史的基因研究的非理性态度,并且将任何基因组群体研究都归类为“种族主义”。这种行为应该受到反对;科学以及对人类的科学研究是我们实现让尽可能多的人获得最大幸福这一社会适当目标的唯一途径。

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