Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Nutrients. 2023 May 23;15(11):2423. doi: 10.3390/nu15112423.
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein found in all vertebrates. OPN is expressed in many different cell types, and is consequently found in most tissues and physiological secretions. OPN is involved in a multitude of biological processes, such as activation and regulation of the immune system; biomineralization; tissue-transformative processes, including growth and development of the gut and brain; interaction with bacteria; and many more. OPN is found in the highest concentrations in milk, where it is believed to initiate and regulate developmental, immunological and physiological processes in infants who consume milk. Processes for the isolation of bovine OPN for use in infant formula have been developed, and in recent years, many studies have investigated the effects of the intake of milk OPN. The purpose of this article is to review and compare existing knowledge about the structure and function of milk OPN, with a particular focus on the effects of milk OPN on human health and disease.
骨桥蛋白 (OPN) 是一种在所有脊椎动物中都存在的多功能蛋白。OPN 在许多不同的细胞类型中表达，因此存在于大多数组织和生理分泌物中。OPN 参与了许多生物学过程，如免疫系统的激活和调节；生物矿化；组织转化过程，包括肠道和大脑的生长和发育；与细菌的相互作用；等等。OPN 在乳汁中含量最高，人们认为它可以启动和调节食用牛奶的婴儿的发育、免疫和生理过程。已经开发出用于婴儿配方奶粉的牛 OPN 的分离工艺，近年来，许多研究都调查了摄入牛奶 OPN 的影响。本文的目的是综述和比较现有关于乳 OPN 的结构和功能的知识，特别关注乳 OPN 对人类健康和疾病的影响。
