Hales Jena B, Broadbent Nicola J, Velu Priya D, Squire Larry R, Clark Robert E
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Learn Mem. 2015 Jan 15;22(2):83-91. doi: 10.1101/lm.035840.114. Print 2015 Feb.
Structures in the medial temporal lobe, including the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex, are known to be essential for the formation of long-term memory. Recent animal and human studies have investigated whether perirhinal cortex might also be important for visual perception. In our study, using a simultaneous oddity discrimination task, rats with perirhinal lesions were impaired and did not exhibit the normal preference for exploring the odd object. Notably, rats with hippocampal lesions exhibited the same impairment. Thus, the deficit is unlikely to illuminate functions attributed specifically to perirhinal cortex. Both lesion groups were able to acquire visual discriminations involving the same objects used in the oddity task. Patients with hippocampal damage or larger medial temporal lobe lesions were intact in a similar oddity task that allowed participants to explore objects quickly using eye movements. We suggest that humans were able to rely on an intact working memory capacity to perform this task, whereas rats (who moved slowly among the objects) needed to rely on long-term memory.
内侧颞叶结构，包括海马体和内嗅皮质，已知对长期记忆的形成至关重要。最近的动物和人类研究调查了内嗅皮质对视觉感知是否也很重要。在我们的研究中，使用同步奇特性辨别任务，患有内嗅皮质损伤的大鼠表现受损，并且没有表现出探索奇异物体的正常偏好。值得注意的是，患有海马体损伤的大鼠也表现出同样的损伤。因此，这种缺陷不太可能阐明内嗅皮质特有的功能。两个损伤组都能够获得涉及奇特性任务中使用的相同物体的视觉辨别能力。患有海马体损伤或更大内侧颞叶损伤的患者在类似的奇特性任务中表现正常，该任务允许参与者通过眼球运动快速探索物体。我们认为人类能够依靠完整的工作记忆能力来执行这项任务，而大鼠（在物体间移动缓慢）则需要依靠长期记忆。
