Reynaud Emmanuelle, Guedj Eric, Trousselard Marion, El Khoury-Malhame Myriam, Zendjidjian Xavier, Fakra Eric, Souville Marc, Nazarian Bruno, Blin Olivier, Canini Frédéric, Khalfa Stephanie
a Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289, Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS , Marseille , France.
Cogn Neurosci. 2015;6(1):39-43. doi: 10.1080/17588928.2014.996212.
The diagnosis constraint of acute stress disorder (ASD), consisting of testing individuals in the month following trauma exposure, limits research on the very early and initial stage of the disease. In this regard, this work aims to explore the cerebral mechanism of ASD in a population of fire-fighters before and after trauma exposure. Thirty-six healthy non-traumatized male fire-fighters were explored by an fMRI emotional face-matching task to evaluate the cerebral substrate of emotional recognition. During the two years of the follow-up, two subjects were traumatized, and thus retested, as were 10 non-traumatized subjects among the initial non-exposed ones. In comparison to non-exposed subjects, fire-fighters with ASD had enhanced amygdala, orbitofrontal, and dorsolateral prefrontal BOLD responses to fearful and angry faces (p < .05, FDR-corrected). These results shed new light on the cerebral mechanism associated with ASD. We observed for the first time the existence of an altered fear processing pathway in ASD that is mediated by amygdala and prefrontal cortex hyperactivity, which might be at the core of the disorder.
急性应激障碍（ASD）的诊断限制在于要在创伤暴露后的一个月内对个体进行测试，这限制了对该疾病极早期阶段的研究。在这方面，本研究旨在探讨创伤暴露前后消防员群体中ASD的脑机制。通过功能磁共振成像（fMRI）情绪面孔匹配任务对36名未受过创伤的健康男性消防员进行研究，以评估情绪识别的脑基础。在两年的随访期间，有两名受试者受到创伤并因此接受重新测试，最初未暴露的受试者中有10名也接受了重新测试。与未暴露的受试者相比，患有ASD的消防员杏仁核、眶额和背外侧前额叶对恐惧和愤怒面孔的血氧水平依赖（BOLD）反应增强（p <.05，经错误发现率校正）。这些结果为与ASD相关的脑机制提供了新的见解。我们首次观察到ASD中存在由杏仁核和前额叶皮层过度活跃介导的恐惧加工途径改变，这可能是该疾病的核心。
