Stona Anne-Claire, Berrang Charles, Santerre Honorine, Georges Nathalie, Chimenti Rosa, Kneip René, Fond-Harmant Laurence
Public Research Centre for Health, CRP-santé, Strassen, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
Caritas Recherche et Développement, Luxembourg, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.
Health Expect. 2016 Feb;19(1):138-51. doi: 10.1111/hex.12336. Epub 2015 Jan 20.
In 2013, between 150 and 200 people per night in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg are estimated roofless. Abilities to respond to emergencies in the GDL are perceptibly decreased due to longer stays in emergency shelters. This study aimed to analyse the needs of long-term homeless (LTH) individuals and to put forward professional recommendations to improve support and care for homeless individuals.
A local, cross-sectional, qualitative study carried out between February and September 2013 in the GDL. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with homeless people living in Caritas housing facilities permanently over a period of 2 years or temporarily over a period of 3 years, as well as Caritas professionals and Luxembourgish psychiatrists. They mainly focused on the homeless person's life pathways, needs and expectations, and difficulties encountered.
Twenty-two homeless persons, 13 professionals from Caritas and three Luxembourgish psychiatrists participated. Homeless persons' needs and expectations consist of the following: (i) seeking freedom and peacefulness, (ii) having their own space, being independent and (iii) living like everyone else. Professionals mainly complained about difficulties for supporting LTH persons and the lack of collaboration with Luxembourg stakeholders from social and psychiatric departments.
This study has found that the current approach is not appropriate for the management of LTHness in the country. This study recommends changes within the Caritas facilities and outside, on the basis of three concepts: (i) a decent home as an essential need, (ii) respect of freedom of choice and (iii) a housing-first model.
2013年，卢森堡大公国每晚估计有150至200人无家可归。由于在紧急避难所停留时间延长，卢森堡大公国应对紧急情况的能力明显下降。本研究旨在分析长期无家可归者的需求，并提出专业建议，以改善对无家可归者的支持和照料。
2013年2月至9月在卢森堡大公国进行了一项本地横断面定性研究。对在明爱住房设施中长期居住2年或临时居住3年的无家可归者、明爱专业人员和卢森堡精神病医生进行了半结构化访谈和焦点小组讨论。访谈主要关注无家可归者的生活轨迹、需求和期望，以及遇到的困难。
22名无家可归者、13名明爱专业人员和3名卢森堡精神病医生参与了研究。无家可归者的需求和期望包括：（i）寻求自由与安宁；（ii）拥有自己的空间、实现独立；（iii）像其他人一样生活。专业人员主要抱怨在支持长期无家可归者方面存在困难，以及缺乏与卢森堡社会和精神科部门利益相关者的合作。
本研究发现，目前的方法不适用于该国长期无家可归问题的管理。本研究建议在明爱设施内外进行变革，变革基于三个理念：（i）体面的住房是基本需求；（ii）尊重选择自由；（iii）住房优先模式。
