Samet Jonathan M
Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, USC Institute for Global Health, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, Estados Unidos de América.
Salud Publica Mex. 2014 Jul-Aug;56(4):379-85. doi: 10.21149/spm.v56i4.7358.
This commentary addresses some of the diverse questions of current interest with regard to the health effects of air pollution, including exposure-response relationships, toxicity of inhaled particles and risks to health, multipollutant mixtures, traffic-related pollution, accountability research, and issues with susceptibility and vulnerability. It considers the challenges posed to researchers as they attempt to provide useful evidence for policy-makers relevant to these issues. This commentary accompanies papers giving the results from the ESCALA project, a multi-city study in Latin America that has an overall goal of providing policy-relevant results. While progress has been made in improving air quality, driven by epidemiological evidence that air pollution is adversely affecting public health, the research questions have become more subtle and challenging as levels of air pollution dropped. More research is still needed, but also novel methods and approaches to address these new questions.
本评论探讨了当前人们关注的有关空气污染对健康影响的一些不同问题，包括暴露-反应关系、吸入颗粒物的毒性与健康风险、多种污染物混合物、交通相关污染、责任研究以及易感性和脆弱性问题。它考虑了研究人员在试图为政策制定者提供与这些问题相关的有用证据时所面临的挑战。本评论随附了一些论文，这些论文给出了ESCALA项目的结果，该项目是拉丁美洲的一项多城市研究，总体目标是提供与政策相关的结果。虽然在改善空气质量方面已取得进展，这是由空气污染对公众健康产生不利影响的流行病学证据推动的，但随着空气污染水平下降，研究问题变得更加微妙和具有挑战性。仍然需要更多的研究，也需要新的方法和途径来解决这些新问题。
