Schaepe Christiane, Bergjan Manuela
Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2015 Apr;52(4):882-98. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.12.009. Epub 2015 Jan 5.
To review the current literature on educational interventions used in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Educational interventions have become increasingly relevant because they play a key role in helping individuals to actively participate in their therapy and to manage their chronic condition. The paper will focus on two areas: (a) educational interventions for individuals living with PD and (b) educational interventions for PD nurses.
A narrative review of primary research.
Electronic searches of the MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, ERIC and Cochrane Library (2006-2013) databases were undertaken using terms such as peritoneal dialysis, insertive training, curriculum, nursing education, train the trainer, coach the coach, tutor the tutor, and patient education were used. All studies were reviewed by two researchers.
Titles and abstracts of 555 studies were screened and read. Full text articles retrieved were further screened against the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data on the educational interventions for people receiving PD and nurse training programs were extracted and synthesized narratively.
Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Most of them focused on educational intervention programs for people undergoing PD. Findings on the link between the PD trainer's background and peritonitis rates among individuals undergoing PD are inconsistent. PD learners should be taught self-management skills as well as technical skills. They might also benefit from receiving decision-making aids. Older people, people with co-morbidities and people with low educational status need more time to acquire self-care skills and are more likely to develop peritonitis. Home visits have the potential to improve learning outcomes. Re-training needs should be assessed and fulfilled as appropriate. Case and disease management programs have been shown to have positive outcomes for individuals receiving PD.
Educational interventions for PD remain an under-researched area, despite the potential they have to make this type of therapy more successful. Further research on education and training for people receiving PD and for PD nurses is needed. In the meantime, educational interventions used for other chronic conditions could provide guidance.
回顾目前有关腹膜透析（PD）中使用的教育干预措施的文献。教育干预措施变得越来越重要，因为它们在帮助个体积极参与治疗和管理慢性病方面发挥着关键作用。本文将聚焦于两个领域：（a）针对腹膜透析患者的教育干预措施；（b）针对腹膜透析护士的教育干预措施。
对原发性研究进行叙述性综述。
使用腹膜透析、插入式培训、课程、护理教育、培训培训师、指导教练、辅导导师和患者教育等术语，对MEDLINE、CINAHL、EMBASE、ERIC和Cochrane图书馆（2006 - 2013年）数据库进行电子检索。所有研究均由两名研究人员进行评审。
筛选并阅读了555项研究的标题和摘要。根据纳入和排除标准，对检索到的全文文章进行进一步筛选。提取并以叙述方式综合了有关腹膜透析患者教育干预措施和护士培训项目的相关数据。
18篇文章符合纳入标准。其中大多数聚焦于接受腹膜透析患者的教育干预项目。腹膜透析培训师的背景与接受腹膜透析个体的腹膜炎发生率之间的联系，研究结果并不一致。应教导腹膜透析学习者自我管理技能以及技术技能。他们可能还会从接受决策辅助工具中受益。老年人、患有合并症的人以及教育程度低的人需要更多时间来掌握自我护理技能，并且更有可能发生腹膜炎。家访有可能改善学习效果。应评估并适当满足再培训需求。病例和疾病管理项目已被证明对接受腹膜透析的个体有积极效果。
尽管腹膜透析的教育干预措施有潜力使这种治疗方式更成功，但它仍然是一个研究不足的领域。需要对接受腹膜透析的患者以及腹膜透析护士的教育和培训进行进一步研究。与此同时，用于其他慢性病的教育干预措施可以提供指导。
