Busigny Thomas, de Boissezon Xavier, Puel Michèle, Nespoulous Jean-Luc, Barbeau Emmanuel J
Institute of Psychology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Université de Toulouse, UPS & Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition (Cerco, CNRS, UMR5549), Toulouse, France.
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Pôle Neurosciences, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, Imagerie Cérébrale et Handicaps Neurologiques (UMR825), Toulouse, France.
Cortex. 2015 Apr;65:1-18. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.12.008. Epub 2014 Dec 27.
This article describes the case of a patient who, following herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), retained the ability to access rich conceptual semantic information for familiar people whom he was no longer able to name. Moreover, this patient presented the very rare combination of name production and name comprehension deficits for different categories of proper names (persons and acronyms). Indeed, besides his difficulty to retrieve proper names, SL presented a severe deficit in understanding and identifying them. However, he was still able to recognize proper names on familiarity decision, demonstrating that name forms themselves were intact. We interpret SL's deficit as a rare form of two-way lexico-semantic disconnection, in which intact lexical knowledge is disconnected from semantic knowledge and face units. We suggest that this disconnection reflects the role of the left anterior temporal lobe in binding together different types of knowledge and supports the classical convergence-zones framework (e.g., Damasio, 1989) rather than the amodal semantic hub theory (e.g., Patterson, Nestor, & Rogers, 2007).
本文描述了一名患者的病例，该患者在患单纯疱疹性脑炎（HSE）后，对于他已无法说出名字的熟悉之人，仍保留获取丰富概念语义信息的能力。此外，该患者在不同类别的专有名词（人名和首字母缩略词）方面表现出极为罕见的名字生成和名字理解缺陷的组合。的确，除了难以检索专有名词外，SL在理解和识别专有名词方面也存在严重缺陷。然而，他仍然能够根据熟悉程度判断来识别专有名词，这表明名字形式本身是完整的。我们将SL的缺陷解释为一种罕见的双向词汇-语义脱节形式，即完整的词汇知识与语义知识及面孔单元相脱节。我们认为这种脱节反映了左前颞叶在整合不同类型知识中的作用，并支持经典的汇聚区框架（例如，达马西奥，1989年），而非无模态语义中枢理论（例如，帕特森、内斯特和罗杰斯，2007年）。
