University at Albany, SUNY, School of Social Welfare, Albany, New York.
University at Albany, SUNY, School of Social Welfare, Albany, New York.
J Adolesc Health. 2015 Feb;56(2):231-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.09.017.
This study examined the association of individual, family, and school-level characteristics with age of sexual initiation (ASI) and focused specifically on school context as a moderator of known predictors of ASI.
Data are from Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 10,596). Predictors include grade point average, physical development, attitudes about sex, likelihood of higher education, alcohol use, delinquency, family structure, parents' education level, childhood abuse, maternal approval of sex, parental monitoring, and parent-child relationship quality. School-level predictors are averages of adolescents' attitudes about sex and likelihood of higher education and parents' education. Hierarchical linear models run separately by sex were used to predict ASI.
When school-level attitudes about sex are more favorable, both boys and girls report younger ASI, and school mean parental education attainment moderates the influence of individual adolescents' attitudes about sex on ASI. More of the predictors are significant for girls than boys, whereas perception of maternal and peer approval of sexual activity are the most salient predictors of younger ASI for boys.
Results highlight the importance of school context for understanding adolescents' motivations for early ASI. Findings support the need for school-wide prevention interventions that engage adolescents, peers, and parents in addressing attitudes about early sex.
本研究考察了个体、家庭和学校层面的特征与性初潮年龄（ASI）的关系，并特别关注学校环境作为已知 ASI 预测因素的调节因素。
数据来自青少年健康纵向研究（N=10596）的第 I 波和第 IV 波。预测因素包括平均绩点、身体发育、对性的态度、接受高等教育的可能性、酒精使用、犯罪行为、家庭结构、父母受教育程度、儿童期虐待、母亲对性的认可、父母监管和亲子关系质量。学校层面的预测因素是青少年对性的态度和接受高等教育可能性的平均值以及父母的教育水平。按性别分别运行分层线性模型来预测 ASI。
当学校对性的态度更加有利时，男孩和女孩报告的性初潮年龄都更小，学校平均父母教育程度也调节了个体青少年对性的态度对 ASI 的影响。对于女孩来说，更多的预测因素是显著的，而对男孩来说，对母亲和同伴对性活动的认可的感知是性初潮年龄较小的最显著预测因素。
研究结果强调了学校环境对于理解青少年性初潮年龄的重要性。研究结果支持需要在学校范围内开展预防干预措施，使青少年、同伴和家长共同参与解决对早期性行为的态度。
