Triassi Maria, Alfano Rossella, Illario Maddalena, Nardone Antonio, Caporale Oreste, Montuori Paolo
Department of Public Health, "Federico II" University, Naples 80131, Italy.
Department of Traslational Medical Science, "Federico II" University, Naples 80131, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Jan 22;12(2):1216-36. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120201216.
The term "triangle of death" was used for the first time by Senior and Mazza in the journal The Lancet Oncology referring to the eastern area of the Campania Region (Southern Italy) which has one of the worst records of illegal waste dumping practices. In the past decades, many studies have focused on the potential of illegal waste disposal to cause adverse effects on human health in this area. The great heterogeneity in the findings, and the bias in media communication has generated great healthcare doubts, anxieties and alarm. This paper addresses a review of the up-to-date literature on the "triangle of death", bringing together the available information on the occurrence and severity of health effects related to illegal waste disposal. The Scopus database was searched using the search terms "waste", "Campania", "Naples", "triangle of death" and "human biomonitoring". Despite the methodological and sampling heterogeneity between the studies, this review examines the evidence from published data concerning cancer incidence, childhood mortality and birth defects, so that the current situation, knowledge gaps and research priorities can be established. The review aims to provide a contribution to the scientific community, and to respond to the concerns of the general population.
“死亡三角区”这一术语首次由西尼尔和马扎在《柳叶刀·肿瘤学》杂志中使用，指的是坎帕尼亚大区（意大利南部）的东部地区，该地区非法倾倒垃圾的记录是最差的之一。在过去几十年里，许多研究聚焦于该地区非法垃圾处理对人类健康造成不利影响的可能性。研究结果的巨大差异以及媒体报道的偏差引发了诸多医疗方面的疑问、焦虑和恐慌。本文对“死亡三角区”的最新文献进行综述，汇总了与非法垃圾处理相关的健康影响的发生情况和严重程度的现有信息。使用搜索词“垃圾”“坎帕尼亚”“那不勒斯”“死亡三角区”和“人体生物监测”在Scopus数据库中进行搜索。尽管各项研究在方法和抽样方面存在差异，但本综述审视了已发表数据中有关癌症发病率、儿童死亡率和出生缺陷的证据，以便确定当前状况、知识差距和研究重点。该综述旨在为科学界做出贡献，并回应普通民众的关切。
